pharmacology
this IV induction agent produces hypnosis via GABA-A receptor potentiation
what is propofol?
these are the primary determinants of myocardial oxygen demand
what are heart rate, contracitility, and ventricular wall stress
this is the usual ETT tip position relative to the carina
approx 3-5 cm above
this standard intra-operative (5-lead) EKG lead is best for detecting myocardial ischemia
what is V5 (or precordial)
these are the first actions to undertake if an intubated, anesthatized patient develops acutely increased airway pressures and desaturation
what is hand ventillation with 100% FiO2 + circuit check
this inhaled anesthetic agent has the lowest blood-gas partition coefficient (among commonly used volatiles)
what is desflurane
this lung volume is what remains after normal/tidal passive expiration
what is functional residual capacity (FRC)
this Mallampati score corresponds to visualization of only the hard palate
what is mallampati IV
this is what pulse oximetry measures
this is the first line agent for management of intra-operative anaphylaxis with cardiovascular instability
what is epinephrine
which neuromuscular blocking agent undergoes Hofmann elimination and ester hydrolysis?
what is (cis)atricurium?
this physiologic variable is the principal determinant of cerebral blood flow under normal conditions of intact autoregulation
this breathing system component prevents CO2 re-breathing in a closed circle system
what is the CO2 absorber
this is the typical relationship between ETCO2 and PaCO2 in a normal anesthatized adult
what is PaCO2>ETCO2 by 2-5 mmHg
this is the treatment for a patient with suspected malignant hyperthermia
what is dantrolene
this opioid is metabolized by non-specific plasma and tissue esterases, resulting in a context-sensitive half-time of approx 3-5 mins
what is remifentanil
according to the alveolar gas equation, this is the PAO2 on room air at sea level with PaCO2 of 40 mmHg and normal respiratory quotient
what is 100 mmHg
this is the approximate oxygen tankpressure of a full oxygen tank at room temperature
what is 2000 psi
this physical property determines the transition between laminar and turbulent flow through an airway
what is reynolds number (depends on fluid density, velocity, viscosity, airway diameter)
a patient undergoing distal radius ORIF under a planned MAC following supraclavicular block acutely develops agitation/delirium, bradycardia, and hypotension... this is the most appropriate initial intervention
what is intralipid/lipid emulsion for suspected LAST
this IV induction agent is associated with adrenal suppression through inhibition of 11-beta-hydroxylase
what is etomidate
this happens to pulmonary vascular resistance at the extremes (low/high) of lung volumes
what is increases
this is principle mechanism by which pre-oxygenation increases safe apnea time
what is alveolar denitrogenation
this is the component of a standard anesthesia breathing circuit where apparatus dead-space begins
what is the Y-piece
this diagnosis requires immediate consideration in a patient develops hypotension, increased airway pressures, unilateral breath sounds, and distended neck veins following central line placement
what is tension pneumothorax