Colonial Foundations
What was the name of the 1620 agreement signed by the Pilgrims establishing self-governance in Plymouth Colony?
Mayflower Compact
Which colony was the first to establish religious freedom as a principle of governance?
The name of the first representative assembly in the American colonies, established in 1619.
The House of Burgesses
Materials, usually agricultural, that yield a high selling price
Cash Crops
Which Enlightenment thinker most influenced American colonial leaders?
Niccolò Machiavelli
John Locke
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Voltaire
Locke
What was a major motivation for the establishment of the Plymouth Colony in 1620?
Religious freedom for Separatists from the Church of England
The main labor system used in Virginia before chattel slavery became dominant?
Indentured Servitude
The Three Types of British Colonies
Royal/Crown, Propriety (Family), and Joint-Stock
the making or production of goods from raw materials on a large scale using machinery
Manufacturing
The Chesapeake Colonies were the...
Virginia, Maryland, Upper N. Carolina
What role did the joint-stock company play in the founding of Jamestown?
It provided a way for investors to fund the colony with the expectation of profit.
What geographic and economic factors contributed to the growth of slavery in the Southern Colonies?
Large plantations, fertile soil, long growing season
Britain allowed colonies to trade more freely and which helped them develop self-sufficiency from the 1600s to the mid-1700s.
Salutary Neglect
To benefit the mother country by controlling colonial trade and ensuring a favorable balance of trade.
What was the main goal of mercantilist policies imposed by Britain on its American colonies
This major historical event promoted ideas of natural rights, limited government, and self-rule, influencing leaders like Jefferson.
The Enlightenment
How did the headright system contribute to the expansion of the Chesapeake colonies?
Granted 50 acres of land to anyone who paid for an indentured servant's passage, encouraging landowners to bring more laborers
What was one major reason Pennsylvania differed from other colonies?
It promoted religious tolerance and fair treatment of Native Americans.
This event was a major turning point in British-colonial relations, leading to stricter policies and the eventual start of colonial taxation.
The French and Indian War (1754-1763)
What were the three points of the Triangular Trade system?
Africa (slaves), Americas (raw materials, Rum, Molasses), Europe (manufactured goods, guns)
Which of the following best explains the paradox of colonial democracy in the 18th century?
(A) While colonial legislatures expanded self-government, most political power remained in the hands of royal governors.
(B) The colonies promoted democratic ideals but maintained undemocratic practices such as slavery and limited voting rights.
(C) The British government granted full political rights to all colonists, including women and enslaved people.
(D) Colonial assemblies ensured universal suffrage and equal representation among all social groups.
B
What was a major consequence of the Virginia Company’s establishment of the headright system in the early 1600s?
It encouraged English settlers to migrate to Virginia by offering land incentives.
In what way did the economies of New England and the Southern Colonies differ significantly?
New England had a diversified economy with trade, fishing, and small farming, while the South was plantation-based with cash crops.
This event exposed class tensions in Virginia and led to a shift from indentured servitude to slavery.
Bacon's Rebellion
This event promoted religious diversity, weakened traditional church authority, and encouraged new denominations
The Great Awakening
A common characteristic of all colonial governments that is linked to the old rallying cry, "No Taxation without Representation."
Colonial Legislature or assembly elected by colonists to represent the colonists