Politics
This man warned about the dangers of political parties and foreign entanglements in his Farewell Address
George Washington
Name the 3 parts of the American System
1. Bank
2. Tariffs
3. Internal Improvements
This 1980 economic plan was designed to cut taxes and cut government spending by reducing social welfare programs
Reaganomics
This controversial Supreme Court case upheld the right to abortion before a pregnancy reaches fetal viability
Roe v. Wade (1973)
Describe the general US culture of the 1950s
Conformity, consumerist, TV Generation, fear of communism, economic prosperity
Name the term: "No slavery (or black people) allowed in the Mexican Cession"
Wilmot Proviso (1846)
Explain the significance of the Great Society.
Expands New Deal, social welfare, Medicare/Medicaid, HUD, "war on poverty", civil rights legislation, carry on JFK's legacy
This 1933 program paid farmers not to farm as a solution to low prices during the Great Depression
Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)
This was the name given to investigative journalists reporting on corruption in the Gilded Age and Progressive Era
Muckrakers
These the two avian names given to both the supporters and opponents of the Vietnam War.
Hawks & Doves
Explain the significance of Barry Goldwater
1. Loses 1964 election, but makes Republican Party more conservative (New Right)
BONUS: What was Goldwater's snazzy scientific campaign slogan?
This was the name for Teddy Roosevelt's domestic policy, centered around his Three C's
Square Deal
(Conserve nature, Control monopolies, Consumer protection)
Define the Gospel of Wealth
Rich Americans (like Andrew Carnegie) should use their money to help the poor by creating opportunities for them to escape poverty (e.g. libraries, clinics, music halls)
Why did Phyllis Schlafly oppose the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA)?
Women don't need it; Christian duty as mothers/wives; men & women aren't equal, should embrace differences
This group emerged as a countermovement to the "woke" 1960s, and focused on returning conservative Christian values to mainstream US culture & politics
Moral Majority
Name 4 of the 5 parts of the Compromise of 1850
CA as free state
NM as popular sovereignty state
No slave trade in DC
Fugitive Slave Act
TX debt absolved
This Supreme Court case upheld segregation by coining the phrase "separate but equal"
Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
Name one reason why the US economy was poor during the 1970s
1. Oil shocks (OPEC Embargo)
2. Stagflation
3. Europe/Japan mfg recovery = less demand for US goods,
4. White-collar economy: factory closures + outsourcing mfg to China = job loss
Define "Bleeding Kansas".
Violence in Kansas between pro-slavery and anti-slvery mobs intended to sway the popular sovereignty vote on whether Kansas should be a free state or slave state (200+ dead).
The 1921 public trial of these two Italian immigrants highlighted the widespread distrust of New Immigrants during the First Red Scare
Sacco & Vanzetti
BONUS: Why did Americans not trust New Immigrants during the First Red Scare?
To what extent was Woodrow Wilson in favor of trust-busting (i.e. breaking up big business)?
He campaigned on breaking up all BigBiz (New Freedom), but while in office only regulated BigBiz (New Nationalism- TR's idea)
To what extent did the Eisenhower administration support the use of direct military force to halt the spread of communism?
Not at all (sending troops overseas is too expensive)
Name TWO parts of the Populist Party platform
1. Silver standard (16-to-1 ratio)
2. Direct election of Senators
3. Nationalization of railroads
4. Lower tariffs
5. Subtreasury using grain as loan collateral
6. Graduated income tax
What was the main idea of Booker T. Washington's Atlanta Compromise?
African-Americans should stay in the South (& deal with racism) to learn trade skills, gain economic independence, and slowly earn the recognition of white Southerners
Briefly describe any of the counterculture movements of the 20th century.
Beat Generation: nonconformity & spirituality
Hippies: drug use, sexual liberation
Avant-Garde: can individuality exist in capitalism?
Lost Generation: nothing makes sense after WW1
Writers/Film: society is shallow & "phony" (JD Salinger, James Dean)
Rock 'n Roll: youth rebellion (Elvis, Rolling Stones)