The Trials of War
To demonstrate Britain's military superiority, British Prime MinisterLord North ordered this British General to attack New York City; effectively cutting off the radical patriots in the North from those in the South.
Who is General Howe?
The Americans concluded an alliance with this nation in 1778, who wanted to exact revenge for their loss in the Great War for Empire.
Who is France?
This principle from the Declaration of independence stated that, "their just powers come from the consent of the governed."
What is popular sovereignty?
This constitutional plan, proposed by James Madison, differed from the Articles of Confederation in three ways: 1. It rejected state sovereignty over a strong federal government. 2. It called for national government to be established by the people, with laws that operated on citizen's of each state. 3. The plan proposed a three tier election system, where voters would elect the lower house representatives.
What is the Virginia Plan?
This British General helped the American cause by showing restraint in early battles in 1776-1777 due in part to his opposition of the coercive acts of 1774.
Who is General William Howe?
After being pushed into Pennsylvania by General Howe, George Washington won a decisive victory here, by crossing the Delaware River on Christmas Eve in 1776.
What is the Battle of Trenton?
This country which entered the war for independence, hoped to regain the southern territory of Florida and the fortress of Gibraltar at the mouth of the Mediterranean Sea.
What is Spain?
This future president of the United States, from Boston, wanted to restrict office-holding to, "men of learning, leisure, and easy circumstance". He further warned of oppression under majority rule, "If you give [ordinary citizens] the command or preponderance in the ...legislature, they will vote all property out of the hands of you aristocrats."
Who was John Adams?
This constitutional plan, devised by William Paterson, gave the confederation the power to raise revenue, control commerce, and make binding requisitions on the states, but only allowed for a unicameral legislature where each state was allowed only one vote during proposed legislation.
What is the New Jersey Plan?
This British General nicknamed, "Gentleman Johnny" was used to high living and would stop each night to host elaborate meals for his officers. He was soundly defeated at the Battle of Saratoga in 1777.
Who is John Burgoyne?
Who is George Washington?
Britain's strategy in this region required the mobilization of the Scottish-Highlanders, Cherokee and Delaware natives to threaten tobacco and rice plantations, also possibly causing an insurrection of African slaves.
What is the south, or the southern strategy?
This future first lady wanted an end to restrictive customs and laws that forbade women from owning property, entering into contracts, or initiating lawsuits.
Who is Abigail Adams?
Representatives from Connecticut proposed this "solution" to the problem of representation. A national upper chamber (the senate) with two members per house and a house of representatives based on representative population, which would be determined every 10 years based on a national census.
What is the Great Compromise?
The early war was difficult to pay for, so many colonies did this which caused massive inflation leading to civil unrest and price gouging.
What is printing their own currency?
Americans won a decisive victory here, when a coordinated attack by Gen. John Burgoyne, coming from Quebec, Col. Barry St, Leger attacking from the west, and General Howe from New York City, failed due to General Howe attacking Philadelphia instead. This victory also assured French support in the revolution.
What is Saratoga?
This European-Minded "Fighting" Frenchman persuaded King Louis the XVI, to send 5,500 troops to the colonies to assist the colonies in the retaking of Rhode Island and eventually New York City!
Who is the Marquis de Lafayette?
This early federal document, "provided for a loose union in which each state would retain their sovereignty, freedom and independence" but would ultimately fail due to its inability to effect national changes.
What are the Articles of Confederation?
During the arguments over representation, this fractional number was used to account for the percentage of representation of disenfranchised African slaves, that would be used in determining the number of representatives in the lower house.
What is 3/5 or the 3/5 compromise?
This former Prussian military officer, is almost single handedly responsible for instituting strict drill systems that made the American colonial army a tougher more disciplined fighting force after the winter of Valley Forge.
Who is Baron Von Stuben?
This was the location of Washington's winter camp during 1776-1777 where "The army...now begins to grow sickly", and has, "Poor food-hard lodging,-cold weather-fatigue -nasty clothes-nasty cookery", which will ultimately lead to starvation and death.
What is Valley Forge?
Cut off from reinforcements by the French West Indian Fleet, the final battle of the Revolutionary War was fought here in 1781, a victory for the American colonials over Lord Cornwallis.
What is Yorktown?
Written by Thomas Jefferson, These provided for the orderly settlement and the admission of new states on the basis of equality, as their populations grew.
What are the Land Ordinances of 1784 and 1785.
This group of individuals which supported the ratification of the constitution launched a coordinated campaign in pamphlets and newspapers of essays written by James Madison, John Jay, and Alexander Hamilton.
Who are the Federalists?
General Nathaneal Greene, used these tactics, by unleashing local militias that had been "without discipline and addicted to plundering" on less mobile British forces.
What is guerilla warfare?