Court Cases
This court case established the Supreme Court's power of judicial review
Marbury v. Madison (1803)
Determined that each slave counted as 3/5ths a person and that slave importation would end by 1808
Three-Fifths Compromise
Abolished slavery in the United States
13th Amendment
He wrote Common Sense
Thomas Paine
Ended the Mexican-American War; ceded California and American Southwest for $15M
Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo (1848)
The Supreme Court ruled that interning Japanese-Americans during World War II, even those who were citizens born in the U.S., was legal
Korematsu v. United States (1944)
Missouri admitted as slave state and Maine as a free state; established 36’30 line
Missouri Compromise/Compromise of 1820
Granted women the right to vote
19th Amendment
Leader of the Whig party who served in Congress for more than 30 years and was the chief architect of the Missouri Compromise, the American System, and the Compromise of 1850. Sometimes referred to as "The Great Compromiser"
Henry Clay
U.S. proclaimed Western Hemisphere free from European interference and further colonization
Monroe Doctrine
The Supreme Court ruled that separate spaces were legal as long as they were equal
Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
Authorized government to draft men for World War I without substitutions
Selective Service Act (1917)
Direct election of US senators
17th Amendment
Author of Uncle Tom’s Cabin, a novel that helped spur abolitionist sentiment prior to the Civil War
Harriet Beecher Stowe
In this Treaty, Spain ceded Florida to the U.S. and the western U.S. border was established
Adams-Onis Treaty (1819)
This court case decided that the federal government only (not the states) had the right to control interstate commerce.
Gibbins v. Ogden (1824)
Prohibited mislabeling on consumer products and medicines
Pure Food and Drug Act (1906)
Enacted a federal income tax
16th Amendment
Southern journalist who reported on lynchings in the South during the Jim Crow era
Ida B. Wells
U.S.-led policy to provide equal trade in China among great powers, respect Chinese territory and spheres of influence
Open Door Policy (1899)
The Supreme Court ruled that the WWI Espionage Act didn't violate the 1st Amendment’s protection of free speech and free press because antiwar pamphlets encouraged resistance to the military draft, therefore establishing the “clear and present danger” test
Schenck v. United States (1919)
Last-minute compromise to divide nation into free North and slave South; ultimately rejected
Crittenden Compromise
Revised Electoral College for separate ballots for President and VP
12th Amendment
Former slave who founded the Tuskegee Institute; he argued in his Atlanta Compromise speech that blacks should accept segregation in exchange for white society’s support of job training
Booker T. Washington
This refers to the period of eased tensions and improved relations between the US and the USSR during the Cold War. This approach aimed to reduce the risk of nuclear conflict and promote diplomatic negotiations, leading to significant arms control agreements and a temporary thaw in the ideological standoff between the two superpowers.
Detente