Period 3
This intercontinental conflict, involving major European powers, reshaped territorial claims in North America, ultimately contributing to colonial discontent with British policies.
What is the French & Indian War?
This philosophical and intellectual movement, emphasizing reason and individual rights, provided ideological justification for colonial resistance and the pursuit of self-determination.
What is the Enlightenment?
This economic doctrine, prevalent during the colonial era, viewed colonies as sources of raw materials and captive markets, designed to enrich the imperial power.
What is Mercantilism?
These influential businessmen, who amassed great wealth during the late 19th century, are viewed by some as innovative industrialists and by others as exploiters of workers.
What are Robber Barons?
This economic philosophy advocates minimal government intervention in the economy, allowing market forces to regulate prices and wages.
What is laissez-faire?
This law, issued by the British, restricted colonial settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains.
(YEAR MUST BE INCLUDED)
What is the Proclamation of 1763?
This British policy, characterized by a lax enforcement of parliamentary laws, allowed the American colonies a degree of self-governance, inadvertently fostering an independent spirit that later clashed with renewed imperial control.
What is Salutary Neglect?
This colonial grievance encapsulated the colonists' opposition to parliamentary levies imposed without their consent or representation in the legislative body that enacted them.
What is Taxation w/out Representation?
These business structures, in which a single company or a small group of companies control an entire industry, eliminate competition and can lead to higher prices for consumers
What are Monopolies/Trusts?
These events, in which workers protest against employers over issues such as wages and working conditions, sometimes turned violent and highlighted the tensions between labor and capital.
What are Labor Strikes?
Shays' Rebellion highlighted the weakness of this governing document.
What are the Articles of Confederation?
This compelling pamphlet, penned by Thomas Paine, galvanized public opinion in favor of American independence, denouncing monarchy and advocating for republicanism with accessible and persuasive arguments
What is Common Sense?
This transatlantic exchange network involved a complex series of trade routes connecting Europe, Africa, and the Americas, facilitating the movement of raw materials, manufactured goods, and enslaved people.
What is Triangular Trade?
This federal legislation was enacted to limit the power of monopolies and trusts, although its initial effectiveness was limited by court interpretations.
What is the Sherman Anti-trust Act (1890)?
This process involves negotiations between employers and labor unions to determine wages, hours, and working conditions
What is Collective Bargaining?
This principle divides government powers among different branches.
What is Separation of Powers?
This initial framework for a unified American government, adopted during the Revolutionary War, established a weak central authority with limited powers, ultimately proving inadequate to address post-war challenges
What are the Articles of Confederation?
Colonial leaders' greatest fear of a single all powerful ruler.
What is tyranny?
This concept applied biological theories of natural selection to society, suggesting that the wealthy and powerful were naturally more "fit" and that attempts to aid the poor would disrupt this natural process.
What is Social Darwinism?
This later wave of immigration to the United States, mainly from Southern and Eastern Europe, increased significantly in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
What is New Immigration (1890-1920)?
This principle allows each branch of government to limit the power of the other branches.
What are Checks & Balances?
This seminal document, authored primarily by Thomas Jefferson, articulated the principles of popular sovereignty and natural rights, formally severing the political bonds between the thirteen colonies and Great Britain.
What is the Declaration of Independence?
Those against the ratification of the constitution, fearing a loss of states' rights and individual liberties, advocated for a more decentralized governmental structure.
What are Anti-Federalists?
This early labor organization sought to unite both skilled and unskilled workers across various trades but ultimately declined due to internal divisions and the Haymarket Affair.
What is the Knights of Labor?
This federal law restricted immigration from a specific Asian country, reflecting nativist sentiments on the West Coast.
What is the Chinese Exclusion Act (1882)?