Period 2
What cash crop made Jamestown profitable?
Tobacco
What war led Britain to start taxing the colonies more heavily?
The French and Indian War.
What 1803 purchase doubled the size of the United States?
The Louisiana purchase.
What idea said the U.S was destined to expand across the continent?
Manifest Destiny.
What early-1800s trend focused on emotion, nature and individuality?
Romanticism
What 1620 agreement created early self- government among the Pligrims?
The mayflower Compact
What document officially declared American Independence?
The Mayflower Compact
The Missouri Compromise.
What 1850 law required citizens to help capture escaped enslave people?
The fugitive Slave act.
What invention by Eli Whitney increased cotton production in the south?
The cotton gin
What labor system brought many poor English workers to the chesapeake colonies?
Indentured servitude
What major power did the national government lack under the articles of confederation?
The power to tax.
What reform movement worked to limit alcohol consumption?
The Temperance Movement.
What book by Harriet Beecher Stowe increased Northern opposition to slavery?
Uncle Tom's Cabin.
Which political party supported a strong federal government and industry?
The Federalist Party.
What 1676 uprising revealed tensions between frontiers settlers and wealthy planters?
Bacon's Rebellion
What compromise created a two-house Congress balancing big and small states?
The Great/Connecticut Compromise.
What was the main goal of Henry Clay's American System?
Tariffs, National bank, internal improvements.
What 1863 order freed enslave people in Confederate-held territory?
The Emancipation Proclamation.
Why was the <Mississippi River important to early U.S trade?
It allowed access to trade and shipping routes.
How did the Great Awakening change colonial religion and society?
Encouraged emotional religion, challenged church authority, increased unity.
What principle was established by Marbury V. Madison?
Judicial review.
What did McCulloch V. Maryland decide about federal vs. state power?
Federal government has implied powers; states cannot tax federal institutions.
What were Black Codes, and why were they created during Reconstruction?
Laws limiting freedoms of former enslaved people to keep cheap labor.
What was the main goal of the Seneca falls Convention?
Expanding Women's right, especially voting.