Ratification Nation
This group supported ratification of the Constitution and advocated a stronger national government.
Who were the Federalists?
This individual became the first president under the Constitution in 1789.
Who was George Washington?
This Treasury secretary proposed a national financial program.
Who was Alexander Hamilton?
This party favored a strong federal government and commercial development.
What is the Federalist Party?
This Federalist president succeeded Washington in 1797.
Who was John Adams?
This Democratic-Republican defeated John Adams in the election of 1800.
Who was Thomas Jefferson?
These essays, written by Hamilton, Madison, and Jay, defended ratification of the Constitution.
What are The Federalist Papers?
This 1794 uprising challenged the federal government's authority to collect an excise tax.
What is the Whiskey Rebellion?
This institution was proposed to stabilize national finances and manage federal funds.
What is the Bank of the United States?
This party, led by Jefferson and Madison, favored agrarian interests and a more limited federal government.
What is the Democratic-Republican Party?
This diplomatic scandal involved French agents demanding payments from American representatives.
What is the XYZ Affair?
DAILY DOUBLE
This candidate tied Jefferson in the Electoral College, sending the election to the House of Representatives.
This proposed addition helped secure support for ratification by protecting individual liberties.
What is the Bill of Rights?
Washington issued this 1793 proclamation to avoid involvement in European wars.
What is the Proclamation of Neutrality?
This part of Hamilton's plan involved federal assumption of state Revolutionary War debts.
What is assumption of state debts?
This constitutional disagreement helped divide Hamilton and Jefferson over the national bank.
What is loose versus strict construction of the Constitution?
DAILY DOUBLE
These 1798 laws restricted immigrants and criminalized certain criticism of the federal government.
This constitutional amendment changed the electoral process by requiring separate votes for president and vice president.
What is the Twelfth Amendment?
Explain one major disagreement between Federalists and Anti-Federalists over ratification.
What is the disagreement over whether a strong national government would preserve order or threaten individual liberty and state authority?
Explain how Washington's response to the Whiskey Rebellion demonstrated a change from the Articles of Confederation.
What is the federal government's increased ability to enforce laws and maintain order under the Constitution?
Explain why Jefferson and Madison opposed Hamilton's national bank.
What is their belief that the Constitution did not expressly authorize the bank and that it would concentrate financial and political power?
Compare Federalist and Democratic-Republican views of the French Revolution.
What is Federalists' increasing concern over revolutionary violence versus Democratic-Republicans' greater sympathy for the French republic?
Explain how the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions challenged the Alien and Sedition Acts.
What is their argument that states could judge the constitutionality of federal laws, challenging federal authority?
Explain why the Election of 1800 is sometimes called the Revolution of 1800.
What is the peaceful transfer of national power between rival political parties, demonstrating that the constitutional system could accommodate political change?
Explain how Federalist No. 10 defended the proposed Constitution against the dangers of factions.
What is Madison's argument that a large republic with diverse interests would make it harder for any single faction to dominate?
Explain how Washington's Farewell Address reflected concerns about the future of the republic.
What are his warnings against divisive political parties and permanent foreign alliances, which he believed could undermine national unity and independence?
Explain how Hamilton used the Constitution to justify creating a national bank.
What is his broad interpretation of the Necessary and Proper Clause, arguing that the bank was an implied power needed to execute enumerated federal powers?
Explain how disagreements over Hamilton's financial program contributed to the first party system.
What is the emergence of organized political opposition over federal economic power, constitutional interpretation, and the interests of merchants versus agrarian Americans?
Evaluate how Adams's foreign policy both strengthened and weakened his presidency.
What is the argument that Adams avoided a full-scale war with France, but the Quasi-War and internal Federalist divisions intensified political conflict?
Evaluate the extent to which the Election of 1800 represented a political revolution.
What is the argument that it fundamentally changed party control and governing priorities while preserving the Constitution and many existing federal institutions?