Colonization and Native Peoples (Period 1)
Who were the first European explorers to establish contact with Native American civilizations?
The Spanish
What was the primary cash crop of the southern colonies, particularly in Virginia and Maryland?
Tobacco
What was the main purpose of the Stamp Act of 1765?
To raise revenue from the American colonies by taxing printed materials.
Who is known as the "Father of the Constitution"?
James Madison.
What was the name of the abolitionist who led a raid on Harpers Ferry in 1859?
John Brown.
What was the major crop that supported Native American civilizations in Mesoamerica and the American Southwest?
Maize (corn)
What was the name of the legislative assembly established in Virginia in 1619, the first of its kind in the American colonies?
The House of Burgesses
What 1770 event, involving British soldiers and colonial protestors, was used as propaganda by the Patriots?
The Boston Massacre.
What rebellion, in 1794, challenged the new U.S. government's ability to levy taxes and maintain order?
The Whiskey Rebellion
What was the 1857 Supreme Court decision that ruled that African Americans could not be U.S. citizens and that Congress could not prohibit slavery in the territories?
Dred Scott v. Sandford.
What system did the Spanish use to control Native American labor in the early colonization period?
The encomienda system
What was the name of the Puritan leader who helped found the Massachusetts Bay Colony?
John Winthrop.
Which 1775 battle is known as the first military engagement of the American Revolutionary War?
The Battle of Lexington and Concord.
What is the name of the compromise that determined representation in the U.S. Congress, creating a bicameral legislature?
The Great Compromise.
What event marked the beginning of the American Civil War?
The attack on Fort Sumter in 1861.
Name the agreement that divided the New World between Spain and Portugal.
The Treaty of Tordesillas
What 1676 rebellion was sparked by frontier settlers in Virginia and exposed tensions between the wealthy planters and poor farmers?
Bacon’s Rebellion.
What was the primary argument of Thomas Paine’s pamphlet Common Sense?
That the American colonies should declare independence from Britain.
What landmark Supreme Court case established judicial review?
Marbury v. Madison (1803).
What document did President Lincoln issue in 1863 that declared all slaves in Confederate-held territory to be free?
The Emancipation Proclamation
What was the Columbian Exchange and how did it impact both Europe and the Americas?
The Columbian Exchange was the transfer of plants, animals, people, and diseases between the Americas and the Old World. It brought new crops and wealth to Europe but devastated Native American populations due to disease.
What was the economic policy called that aimed to maximize exports and minimize imports for the benefit of the mother country during the colonial period?
Mercantilism
Name the treaty that ended the American Revolutionary War and recognized the United States' independence.
The Treaty of Paris (1783).
What 1803 purchase doubled the size of the United States?
The Louisiana Purchase
What amendment to the U.S. Constitution abolished slavery in the United States?
The 13th Amendment.