5.1+5.2
What is Manifest Destiny?
The belief that Americans had a God-given right to expand their culture, beliefs, and territory.
What was the Kansas-Nebraska Act?
The creation of Kansas and Nebraska as new states AND their slave or free status would be determined by their voters
What document changed the course of the Civil War?
The Emancipation Proclamation.
True or False:
Northerners saw African Americans as their equals and fought for social integration.
False.
Who shot Abraham Lincoln?
John Wilkes Booth.
What was the main concern after acquiring so much land after the Mexican-American War?
More land available for potential slaveowners to expand to.
What was the ultimate priority of the Republican Party, pre-Civil War?
To oppose the expansion of slavery elsewhere in the US (okay with where it currently existed)
What hardships did African American soldiers face during the Civil War?
Discrimination, harassment, less pay than White soldiers, racism, segregated regiments, etc.
What were scalawags?
Where did Robert E Lee and the Confederates surrender to Grant?
Appomattox Court House.
What was the Wilmot Proviso and was it successful?
A proposal to ban slavery in all newly acquired territory. Unsuccessful - does not pass Congress.
What was the significance of the Dred Scott case?
Supreme Court ruled that slaves were not US citizens and Congress could not exclude slavery from any territory.
Explain the significance of the Freedmen's Bureau.
Provided former slaves with land, reunited families across state lines, and granted legal marriages under the law - finally gave African Americans their first chance at economic, social, and political equality in post-Civil War America.
Political representation - getting themselves elected both in state and fed govts
Economic independence - earning wages from plantations or becoming sharecroppers
Who was John Brown?
A militant abolitionist who launched a raid on Harper's Ferry, VA, in hopes of arming slaves for a full-blown revolution against slavery. He was captured and executed before election of 1860, where Lincoln was first elected President.
What was the most controversial component of the Compromise of 1850?
What was Lincoln's goal when engaging in the Civil War?
Preserving and healing the Union.
"A house divided against itself cannot stand"
Believed federal government should not be granting extra protections for African Americans over whites, attempted to block all anti-slavery legislation and readmitted Southern states with very little punishment; Johnson was a slaveholder Democrat from the South.
What was the goal of Democrat "Redeemers" during Reconstruction?
Redeem the South of corrupt Republican policies (pro-African American) - get things back to the way they used to be in the South.
During the Civil War, General Grant earned this nickname. Why?
"The Butcher" - he seemed to have a disregard for human life as he not only marched against military units, but also laid siege to civilian fields/crops/buildings.
Why were Northerners furious about the leaked Ostend Manifesto?
They believed Franklin Pierce was looking to acquire Cuba for even more available slave territory.
What were the Union advantages in the Civil War? What were the Confederate advantages?
Union - more connected, more people, more resources, control of navy
Confederates - more military leadership and experience, more motivated for war, most fights on their turf
What was the significance of Andrew Johnson's impeachment?
Proved legislative branch could override presidential powers if they held majorities - despite having total control, Congress did not take the ultimate step of removing the President from office.
How did the election of 1876 mark the end of Reconstruction?
Republicans gave Southerners new railroad, new electees, and removed all troops from the South in order to have their nominee elected as President. Removal of troops led to Reconstruction policies in the South slowly fading away.
Who were the US Presidents during 1844-1877?
Taylor, Fillmore, Pierce, Buchanan, Lincoln, Johnson, Grant, Hayes