6.1
What was constructed that allowed the reduction of the trip out west?
The Transcontinental Railroad
Who primarily worked for the cattle industry?
White cowboys
True or False:
United States became the #1 industrial country in the world by WWI, even though the Industrial Revolution started in Europe.
True
How did city bosses stay in power?
Exchanged temporary solutions to poverty problems for working-class votes.
What is the Gospel of Wealth?
The belief that rich industrialists should distribute some of their wealth to better society around them.
In order to cause the most damage to Native tribes, whites typically stalked and outhunted this animal on the Great Plains.
Buffalo.
What was the Homestead Act?
US legislation that gave 160-acre plots of land to families willing to move to them and work/live on them for five years.
Who were two examples of robber barons, or industrial heads of corporations that made millions by eliminating their competiton?
Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller
What is Social Darwinism?
The belief that some humans are more fit and can adapt to the environment than others, produced negative stereotypes about immigrant groups and African Americans during the Gilded Age.
What new invention caused hardships for the open-range cattle industry?
Barbed wire.
Why was the area beyond the Great Plains desired during this time?
Seen as example of cheap land, a fresh start, and/or new opportunities (Gold Rush)
What minority groups also found themselves migrating out West, either for economic or social reasons?
Mormons, Californios, and Chinese peoples
What was the main goal of labor unions?
Advocating for better living and working conditions from their employers (8-hour days, 2 day weekend, abolition of child labor, equal pay for women, etc.)
What does laissez-faire mean and why was it important to the United States at this time?
In the three decades following the Civil War, the policies of the Republican Party generally favored who?
Northern industries and industrialists.
What was the Dawes Act?
What is the irony behind the name, the "New South"?
What are ghettos?
Formation of ethnic-based communities away from their home country in another country. (Chinatown)
What was the "graveyard vote"?
Bosses using the names found on tombstones to register for voting booths.
Which two immigrant groups were the most common when it came to United States railroad construction?
Chinese and Irish
Explain American Indian resistance to American assimiliation.
Some were forced into white schools, yet earned their educations and spoke out against corruption.
Beginning of the Ghost Dance movement
Violent rebellions such as the Battle of Little Bighorn
Which Supreme court case approved "separate, but equal" facilities in the United States?
Plessy v. Ferguson
Instead of the American Melting Pot, the image more correctly associated with immigration during this time would be the American what?
Salad, Vegetable Soup
Why were the executive and legislative branches ineffective during the Gilded Age?
Weak presidents in office who lacked leadership and high turnover amidst Congressmen.
What best explains the reasons for the growth of a new urban culture in the late 1800s?
Immigrant cultures forming ghettos and increasing diversity of populations in the cities.