Must Knows
The United States continued its transition from an agricultural economy to this.
What is an industrial economy?
Nickname for pro-gold standard (tying American currency to a fixed amount of god) Democrats, such as Grover Cleveland.
What are "gold bugs"?
After McKinley was assassinated, he became president at age 42. He pursued a progressive domestic agenda called the "Square Deal". He oversaw the construction of the Panama Canal. He also brokered an end to the Russo-Japanese War.
Who is Teddy Roosevelt?
Thirty-second President. Elected to four terms. Oversaw the response to the Great Depression in the New Deal, led the U.S. through most of World War II, approved the Manhattan Project, and laid the groundwork for the postwar international system.
Who is FDR?
This amendment, known as the “noble experiment”, essentially banned alcohol in the United States in a period that became known as "Prohibition". Repealed by the 21st Amendment in December 1933.
What is the 18th Amendment?
People known as this called for greater government action regarding social issues.
Who are progressives?
Also known as the People’s Party. Their 1892 policy platform advocated for a silver standard, a graduated income tax, direct election of U.S. senators, and ownership of railroads, telegraph, and telephone lines.
What is the Populist Party?
An influential Protestant social justice movement in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. It stated that Christians had an obligation to improve the lives of those less fortunate, especially the poor.
What is the Social Gospel?
A group of World War I veterans, who marched on Washington in 1932 to demand the early release of bonuses Congress had promised to pay in 1945.
A biology teacher in Dayton, Tennessee, arrested and brought to trial in 1925 for teaching the theory of evolution. While he was found guilty and fined $100, his conviction was overturned on a legal technicality.
Who is John T. Scopes?
With new forms of mass media, modern culture was born in the era known as this.
What is the “Roaring Twenties” or the "Jazz Age"?
A famous speech delivered by William Jennings Bryan at the Democratic National Convention in 1896. In it, Bryan savaged the gold standard in favor of bimetallism.
What is the "Cross of Gold" speech?
A nickname for investigative journalists who seek to spur reform and expose corruption.
What is "muckraker"?
Weekly radio addresses intended to inform and reassure the American public. Started by FDR in 1933, and maintained by all presidents since then. George W. Bush adapted the practice to podcasting. Barack Obama adapted it to streaming-video, a practice continued by Donald Trump.
What are "Fireside Chats"?
A type of middle and upper-class woman in the 1920s. So named because they were not unlike baby birds leaving the nest.
What is a "flapper"?
Campaigns by ___ groups succeeded in convincing the government to pass quotas and restrictions on immigration.
What are nativist?
Twenty-fifth President. Served 1897–1901. A proponent of the gold standard and a moderate between business and labor interests, was assassinated six months into his second term by an anarchist.
Who is McKinley?
Progressive Era reform that required the direct election of U.S. senators by the people of their home state.
What is the 17th Amendment?
A program that was created to provide flood control, electricity generation, and economic development in the southeastern U.S. through the construction of dams.
What is the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)?
A term for a cultural flowering in a particular New York City neighborhood during the 1920s; it became the center of African American culture and helped to change the perception of African Americans.
What is the Harlem Renaissance?
President Franklin Roosevelt promoted this plan to assist the poor, provide employment, and revitalize a stalling, weak economy.
What is the "New Deal"?
Spurred by the Panic of 1893, he led his "Army" into Washington, D.C. to demand that the Congress create jobs for the unemployed. His ideas would later contribute to the development of the Social Security Act.
Who is Jacob Coxey?
It ensured the safety and accurate labelling of food and drug products. Inspired in part by Upton Sinclair’s 1906 novel The Jungle, a story illustrating the poor conditions at a Chicago meatpacking plant.
Pure Food & Drug Act (1906)
An economic policy that states that governments should spend that which it does not have—in other words, resort to deficit spending. By the government increasing spending, it would “prime the pump” by spurring an increase in demand that would eventually increase the need for employees.
What is Keynesian theory / Keynesian economics?
A law that set a strict limit on individuals from each nation of origin based on the 1910 census. In practice, this decreased immigrants from S and E Europe in favor of immigrants from N and W Europe.
What is the Emergency Quota Act?