Native Americans pre-conquest
Trade & Exploration
European Colonies in the Americas
Potpourri
SBQ's
100
Explains the growth in Native settlements before 1492
What is the spread of maize cultivation?
100
The transmission and interchange of plants, animals, diseases, cultures, human populations, and technologies between the New World and Old World.
What is the Columbian Exchange?
100
European colonies where there was little to no evangelism
What are England and the Netherlands?
100
the first Mesoamerican civilization to have a calendar and 'writing system'
Who are the Olmec?
100
“Their world, quite literally, changed before the Indians’ eyes as European colonists transformed the forest into farmland. . . . In the Southeast, hogs ran wild. Sheep and goats became permanent parts of the economy and culture of Pueblo and Navajo peoples in the Southwest."
What is the Columbian Exchange?
200
the first "Americans" came over via this landmass
What is the Bering Strait?
200
stimulated European curiosity about the outside world, led to intellectual (ex: Arabic numerals), economic, (trade of luxury goods such as rugs and spices) and technological transfers (ex: astrolabe) beg. in the 1100s
What are the Crusades?
200
One characteristic common to BOTH French & Dutch colonies in the Americas
What is the fur trade OR generally peaceful relations with the Natives?
200
Prince Henry the Navigator of THIS EUROPEAN POWER inaugurated the Era of Exploration by sponsoring voyages along the West African coast
What is Portugal?
200
“Their world, quite literally, changed before the Indians’ eyes as European colonists transformed the forest into farmland. . . . In the Southeast, hogs ran wild. Sheep and goats became permanent parts of the economy and culture of Pueblo and Navajo peoples in the Southwest."
The process above affected Europeans in this way
What are increased lifespans?
300
Probably had the most developed forms of math and astronomy of the Mesoamerican civilizations
Who are the Mayan?
300
Property differences between the Europeans and the Indians
What is tribal vs. individual ownership?
300
The large number of African slaves in Brazil and the Caribbean can be attributed largely to this
What is the growth of sugar plantations?
300
One reason why European nations sought an all-water route to the far east (India and China)
What is the avoid dealing with Muslim states, particularly the Ottoman Empire?
300
“Although Englishmen long remained under the illusion that the Indians would eventually become useful English subjects, it became apparent fairly early that Indian labor was not going to sustain the founders of Jamestown [Virginia].”
A long-term result of the situation described above in colonial Virginia
What is the importation of African slaves?
400
the three staple crops that many native tribes in North America cultivated were THIS, corn, and squash
What are Beans?
400
involved a grant of land to a Spanish settler which came with forced labor by the Indians, eventually abolished after Indian revolts & protests by priests such as de las Casas
What is the encomienda?
400
In this system, you social standing was determined by your ethnic background
What is the casta system?
400
One difference between slavery in Africa & slavery that develops in the American colonies
What is punishment for crime, debt, POW's (Africa) vs. skin color (Americas)?
What is slave status wasn't inherited (Africa), vs. children of slaves were also slaves (Americas)?
400
"It would be a foolish thing for us to destroy the most ancient customs and laws left by the first inhabitants of this land .. as for our Gods, we will die before giving up serving and worshipping them."
-Lords and Holy men of Tenochtitlan, 1524
The ideas expressed above were most likely a reaction to this
What are attempts by the Spanish to convert Indians to Christianity?
500
Five (later six) Northeastern Indian tribes formed this loose alliance around 1450
What is the Iroquois Confederacy?
500
the first European circumnavigation of Africa was completed in 1497 by a voyage led by this Portuguese sailor
Who is da Gama?
500
Main weakness of New France & Louisiana
What is a small population that was spread to thin, and thus could not defend from outside attack etc.?
500
To encourage further exploration of the African coast, Dias named the tip of Africa THIS before returning home to Portugal
What is the Cape of Good Hope?
500
One conclusion that can be drawn from the map below
What is the emergence of imperial competition in the Americas?