Native Americans pre-conquest
Native American tribe famous for creating a confederacy government with other neighboring tribes for peace.
Iroquois
The transmission and interchange of plants, animals, diseases, cultures, human populations, and technologies between the New World and Old World.
Columbian Exchange
Name the conquistador who conquered the Aztecs in 1519.
Hernan Cortez
Term referring to person of mixed Spanish and Native American descent
Mestizo
Event during 15th century that encouraged greater thought in the arts and sciences, led to more centralized political authority
Renaissance
Which region is characterized as mostly nomadic, and was transformed with the addition of horses after the Europeans arrived.
Plains
European Power who preferred trade with the Native Americans rather than settlement or conquest
France
First English colony in the New World; Failed
Roanoke
System in which Indians provided land owners with labor tribute in exchange for legal protection and religious guidance. Native Americans frequently exploited and treated harshly.
Encomienda System
Religious Event started by Martin Luther that caused great conflict and division between nations in Europe, split between France and Spain, and England
Protestant Reformation
Tribe in Central Mexico, Capital city of Tenochitlan, performed human sacrifice rituals.
Aztec
Perhaps the worst trade of the Columbian Exchange, this specific thing killed far more Native Americans than guns or steel.
Smallpox
The collective name for two joint stock companies who sponsored the English settlement in the Chesepeake area.
Virginia Company
Author of Historia de las Indias, questioned the legitimacy of Spain's conquest and fought for better treatment of Native Americans.
Bartolome de las Casas
Event in Spain caused by the marriage of fervent Catholics Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castille, led to unification of Spain and removal of Muslims and Jews from Iberia
Reconquista, Spanish Inquisition
What were the three stable crops that many native tribes in North America used? Name 2 of 3
Beans Corn and Squash
One of three specific crops from New World that revolutionized farming and life in Europe
Corn, Potatoes, Tomatoes
Treaty declared by pope that splits the world into Spanish and Portuguese zones of influence.
Treaty of Tordesillas
Natives worked with what two European colony groups to make money from the lucrative fur trade.
The French and Dutch
English ruler who succeeded Mary I, restored Protestantism to her country and brought national pride.
Elizabeth I
This region relied on a heavy diet of fat and was primarily hunters and fisherman.
Arctic
Which new world crop revolutionized the economy and trading for the English
Tobacco.
The Spanish create a very rigid social structure in New Spain. What are the two top classes of people within the system
Pennisularies and Creoles
Governor and crown appointee in charge of encomienda system
Viceroy
Event from which Spain never fully recovered; failed invasion of England by Phillip II in attempt to return the country to Catholicism, 1588
Sinking of the Spanish Armada (Invincible Armada)