Pre-Columbian Civilizations
Name of civilization in present-day Mexico whose capital was Tenochtitlan
Aztecs
agreement between Spain and Portugal supported by the Pope dividing South America between them
Treaty of Tordesillas
the first English colony attempt that failed
Roanoke
the name for crops that are grown not for food but for trade
cash crops
What was the name of the document that the Pilgrims signed to create a democratic commonwealth in America?
Mayflower Compact
What did Southwest Native Americans do to help cultivate their crops?
irrigation system
Author of Historia de las Indias, questioned the legitimacy of Spain's conquest and fought for better treatment of Native Americans.
Bartolome de las Casas
This development in England led to land owners fencing off their land to produce more wool, which led to poor farmers wanting to move to America
Enclosure Movement
The name for the transfer of plants, animals, and diseases between the Old World of Europe and Africa and the New World of the Americas
Columbian Exchange
The founder of Pennsylvania, William Penn, created a colony to protect what religious group?
Quakers
Name of mound city/civilization in Illinois-area with ~30,000 people
Cahokia
term for a person of mixed Spanish and Native ancestry in Spanish Colonial society
Mestizo
The name of the colony the Dutch established in the Northeast
New Amsterdam
The name for the economic system in which a mother country uses colonies to extract wealth in order to compete with other countries
Mercantilism
What religious group originally founded the Maryland colony?
Catholics
What were the "three sisters" crops?
maize, beans, squash
Spanish conquistador who led conquering expedition to Mexico in 1519 and the defeat of the Aztecs
Hernan Cortes
Name one similarity between the Spanish and French in their colonization of the Americas
multiple possible answers (intermarriage with natives, goal of spreading Christianity)
In the triangular trade, the colonies were mostly expected to export _____________ to Europe
raw materials
A renowned religious orator from England who was a leader of the Great Awakening
George Whitefield
The name of the first democracy in the Americas
Iroquois League (Confederacy)
Supporter of the Harsh Treatment of Native Americans by Spain. Wrote Just Causes of War Against the Indians
Juan de Sepulveda
In order to encourage more settlers to move to America, England used this system offering planters 40 acres of land for every person they brought to America
Headright System
Name one impact of the columbian exchange on Europe and one impact of the columbian exchange on the Americas
multiple possible answers
Europe: population growth
Americas: population decline
This was the name of the Wampanoag Chief who led Native Americans in an armed conflict against New England settlers in the 1670s
Metacom