Native Cultures
What is Maize?
Corn
Which European country led early exploration using new navigation tools and schools?
Portugal
Which disease brought by Europeans caused mass deaths among Native Americans?
Smallpox
What years does Period 1 of APUSH cover?
1491 to 1607
Which Native American group formed a powerful confederacy in the Eastern Woodlands?
The Iroquois
Who sailed to the Caribbean in 1492 and opened up the Americas to European exploration?
Christopher Columbus
Which two animals brought from Europe had the biggest impact on Native lifestyles?
Horses and pigs
What major event in 1607 marks the end of Period 1?
The founding of Jamestown
In which two regions did Native tribes live nomadically and follow buffalo herds?
Great Plain and Great Basin
What was the name of the trade system connecting Europe, Africa, and the Americas?
The Triangular Trade/Columbian exchange
Which crop from the Americas became a staple in Europe and helped population growth?
Potatoes
What theory explains how the first people arrived in the Americas from Asia?
The Bering Land Bridge theory
Which region’s Natives were known for fishing, woodworking, and making totem poles?
Pacific Northwest
What agreement divided the New World between Spain and Portugal?
Treaty of Tordesillas
Who was the Columbian Exchange named after?
Christopher Columbus
What is the Encomienda System
A system where the Spanish forced the native Americans to work in exchange for protection by the Spanish crown.
Which society in present-day Mexico developed advanced cities, written language, and accurate calendars before European contact?
The Aztec civilization
What were the three main motivations for European exploration of the Americas?
God, Gold, and Glory
Name two positive and two negative effects of the Columbian Exchange.
Positive: new foods and animals; Negative: disease and forced labor/slavery
Give an example of how Native Americans adapted to their environments.
Built adobe homes in the Southwest, hunted buffalo in the Plains, and fished in the Northwest.