Early Republic & Expansion
This president used his executive power to purchase land from France, despite it going against his personal political philosophy
Thomas Jefferson
Protestant religious revival during the late 18th to early 19th century in the United States. It spread religion through revivals and emotional preaching and sparked a number of reform movements
Second Great Awakening
The Fugitive Slave Act was the MOST controversial aspect of this legislative decision regarding California statehood
Compromise of 1850
The election of this president prompted South Carolina's secession, leading to the creation of the Confederate States of America in 1861
Abraham Lincoln
These two amendments ended slavery and extended citizenship rights to all natural born or naturalized citizens regardless of race, religion, or previous condition of servitude
13th and 14th Amendments
19th century belief that westward expansion is "God-ordained"
Manifest Destiny
The Women's Suffrage Movement started at this convention in 1848, where women in attendance passed the "Declaration of Sentiments"
Seneca Falls Convention
1857 Supreme Court decision that overturned the Missouri Compromise and classified all Black people as second-class citizens
Dred Scott v. Sandford
States that maintained slaves but also sided with the North during the Civil War were called this.
Border States
Government organization to provide aid such as education, legal services and medical services to newly freed people in the South
Freedmen's Bureau
Often seen as America's Second War of Independence, this war exposed growing tensions between America and Native Americans during periods of expansion
War of 1812
Reform movement that pushed for the prohibition of alcohol
1854 act that gave territories Popular Sovereignty over the issue of slavery, leading to violent conflict between anti-slave advocates and pro-slave "border ruffians"
Kansas-Nebraska Act
Wartime measure that declared "that all persons held as slaves" within the rebellious states "are, and henceforward shall be free."
Emancipation Proclamation
Economic system where the landlord/planter allows a tenant to use the land in exchange for a share of the crop
Sharecropping
This invention reflected the technological progression of the market revolution, as automated machinery made the production of a certain cash crop more profitable- ultimately leading to the expansion of slavery
Cotton Gin
Author of Uncle Tom's Cabin, a book published in 1852 that fueled anti-slavery sentiment in America
Harriet Beecher Stowe
This state's attempt to nullify a federal tariff in 1832 exposed the growing tensions between states rights and federal powe
South Carolina
Slavery
Political bargain that effectively ended federal oversight of Reconstruction, leading to an era of "Redemption" in the South
Compromise of 1877
Foreign policy document that opposed European colonialism in the Western Hemisphere and outlined America's commitment to stay out of European affairs; established "spheres of influence"
Monroe Doctrine
Nativist political party that emerged as a backlash to Irish and German immigration in the 1850s
Know-Nothing Party or Native American Party
Abolitionist who led a raid at Harper's Ferry, Virginia in an effort to capture and confiscate the arms located there, distribute them among local slaves and begin armed insurrection
John Brown
Military strategy implemented by Union General Winfield Scott early in the American Civil War which called for a naval blockade of the Confederate
Anaconda Plan
Group of congressmen (faction of mainstream party) who passed these Reconstruction Acts in 1868: (1) ratify the Fourteenth Amendment; (2) write new state constitutions that guarantee freedmen the right to vote; (3) form new governments to be elected by all male citizens including African Americans.