Westward Expansion
A territory annexed by the United States in 1845
What is Texas
After the Emancipation Proclamation, the purpose of the Civil War added another goal asides from keeping the Union together.
What is to end slavery
Sectionalism
This amendment formally abolished slavery throughout the United States.
The 13th Amendment
In response to the collapse of the Whig Party, this political party became the lead opposition to the Democratic Party
The Republican Party
Define Abolitionism
The Banning of Slavery
This president presided over the entirety of the Civil War
Abraham Lincoln
The name of the land given to the United States after the Mexican-American War.
What is the Mexican Cession
The name of the original plan to defeat the Confederacy
The Anaconda Plan
Reconstruction is periodized into these two periods
This amendment guaranteed equal protection under the law and established Birthright Citizenship within the United States.
The 14th Amendment
This pre-Civil War event happened when residents of one territory disagreed over the outcome of their popular sovereignty vote.
Bleeding Kansas
Describe Manifest Destiny
The belief that Americans have a God given right to extend the flame of liberty and democracy from coast to coast.
This Democratic president was the only Senator to not secede from the Union during the Civil War
Andrew Johnson
Describe the Gadsden Purchase and its purpose.
The southern part of Arizona which was purchased for 15 million dollars with the purpose of building a railroad through its flatter territory.
The turning point of the Civil War:
What is the Battle of Gettysburg
This attack by the South is considered the beginning of the Civil War.
What is the Attack on Fort Sumter
Who is Rutherford B. Hayes
This landmark Supreme Court case declared that all Blacks were not eligible for US citizenship and that slavery could not be banned in the territories.
Dred Scott v. Sandford
This president, before Abraham Lincoln, made no attempt at reducing the flames of sectionalism.
Describe the Free Soil Movement
Advocating for the complete abolition of slavery in the territories but not in the states.
This president served only one year, dying from a copious overdose of milk and cherries.
Zachary "Milk and Cherries" Taylor
Provide the debate behind the purposes of launching an invasion of Mexico.
The expansion of slavery to the new territories that could be gained by an invasion of Mexico.
An example of Abolitionist's efforts to fight slavery by aiding in the escape of slaves to the North.
What is the Underground Railroad or Harriet Tubman
Describe what caused President Johnson to be impeached.
President Johnson violated the questionable Tenure of Office Act.
What is the 15th Amendment
Prohibits the government from denying any man the right to vote based on race.
What was John Brown's goal at Harper's Ferry?
To arm the local slaves and incite a rebellion
Describe the Cult of Domesticity
The idea that a woman's place is in the home as the moral leader of the family.
This president made modest territorial gains purchasing a small amount of territory from Mexico and attempting to purchase Cuba
Describe the Ostend Manifesto and its purpose.
A secret meeting between US diplomats and the Spanish Empire in Ostend, Belgium to buy Cuba and turn it into a slave state.
Describe a strength and weakness of both the Confederate and Union Army
Confederates
Weakness: Low industrial output, less money, less organized, lower population
Strength: Home-field Advantage, better field generals
Union
Weakness: Lower desire to fight among its soldiers, less knowledge of the land
Strengths: More railroads, factories, money, land, population
The name of this party and movement heavily influenced the Republican Party's platform of banning slavery in the territories.
What is the Free Soil Platform
Explain the difference between a carpetbagger and a scalawag.
Carpetbagger: A northerner who travels to the south for exploitative gain.
Scalawag: A southerner who supported Republican Reconstruction efforts.
Define a way in which the 15th Amendment could have and was circumvented.
1. Poll Taxes
2. Literacy Tests
Describe the purpose of the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854
To divide the Nebraska territory into a Kansas and Nebraska Territory and give both territories the right of popular sovereignty when it comes to slavery.
Describe popular sovereignty in the context of the 1850s
Giving the residents of the territories the right to decide if they want to allow or ban slavery in their territory.
This president successfully secured Texas's annexation after many failed attempts to do so in his one term
Describe the Walker Expedition of 1855.
William Walker led a mercenary group to Nicaragua to seize it and declare himself its president and receive American recognition.
Describe a major legal controversy created by President Lincoln during the Civil War specifically targeting the Border States
The suspension of habeas corpus which gives people the right to know why they are being detained.
Describe the Fugitive Slave Act
Why was the Civil Rights Act of 1866 replaced with the 14th Amendment?
A congressional act is far easier to repeal than a constitutional amendment.
Accurately describe the background behind the Dred Scott Case
Dred Scott, a slave in Missouri was transported to the free state of Illinois and became a resident there. Later he traveled to the free territory of Minnesota and resided there. Dred Scott argued that being a resident to a free state or territory should have freed him.
Describe the five outcomes of the Compromise of 1850 (200 points if you can only identify 3)
1. California admitted as a free state.
2. Slave trading banned in D.C. but not slavery.
3. Utah and New Mexico Territories decide slavery by popular sovereignty.
4. Passage of the Fugitive Slave Law.
5. Texas cedes some territorial claims to other territories in exchange for debt relief.
Describe the Freeport Doctrine
To get around the decision of the Dred Scott Case regarding slavery in the territories, residents of each territory can vote in politicians who will not enforce slave property laws.
This president commissioned Matthew C. Perry to travel to Japan to force it to begin trading with the United States
Millard Fillmore