Business
Economic philosophy promoted by Adam Smith in his book, Wealth of Nations, that stated that business and the economy would run best with no interference from the government
laissez-faire
law that prohibited rebates and required the railroads to publish their rates openly; also forbade unfair discrimination against shippers and outlawed charging more for a short haul than for a long one over the same line
Interstate Commerce Act
creator of the American Federation of Labor
Samuel Gompers
The systematic program by the US government to force Native Americans to adopt European American ideas about culture, private ownership land and school.
assimilation
a multi-dwelling building, often poor or overcrowded
Tenement
This President formed 5 new national parks in his time in office.
Teddy Roosevelt
"Oil Baron", Standard Oil.
John D. Rockefeller
(1890) a law that tried to regulate trusts.
Sherman Anti-Trust Act
(1894) strike in Chicago led by Eugene Debs for railroad workers that spread nationwide. President Grover Cleveland called in federal troops to put down the strike.
Pullman Strike
1876: AKA General Custer's Last Stand (Custer and more than 250 of his men were killed by Native Americans)
Battle of Little Bighorn
policy that favors native-born or long-term resident individuals in the United States at the expense of immigrants
Nativism
Muckraker responsible for exposing business practices of Standard Oil
Ida Tarbell
technique used by Carnegie where he combined into one organization all phases of manufacturing from mining to marketing.
Vertical Integration
The name give to unofficial political organization across America that worked to win elections in order to exercise power often in a corrupt fashion;
They rose to power in the late 1800s because of ill-equipped local governments that failed to meet the needs of growing urban populations
Political Machines
American union leader, one of the founding members of the International Labor Union and the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW); went on to run for president
Eugene Debs
These were where Native American children were forced to go to learn English, cut their hair, learn farming skills, and physically punished for practicing cultural customs.
Indian Boarding Schools
This man helped bring the poor conditions of NYC to "light" with his pictures and stories.
Jacob Riis
Pittsburgh business man that changed the food industry through his innovative business practices and lobbying for legislative actions.
Henry Heinz
a railroad that would cross the continent and connect the East to the West in 1869
transcontinental railroad
Political machine of New York City that was well-known for its corruption, led by William "Boss" Tweed
Tammany Hall
Violent labor conflict in Carnegie's mills;
Henry Frick (manager) announced pay cut
Strike had to be put down by state militia in 1892
Homestead Strike
A ritual dance performed by some members of the Sioux tribe in an effort to bring back the buffalo and remove white settlers from their lands
Ghost Dance
A population shift from rural areas to cities and the ways in which each society adapts to the change is called?
urbanization
Neighborhood centers established to provide help to needy families, combat juvenile delinquency, and assist recent immigrants in assimilation
Settlement Houses
Strategy to maximize profits by attempting to purchase competing companies in the same industry; monopoly-building (ex. Rockefeller's Standard Oil)
horizontal integration
(1883) law that reformed the patronage system; created civil service and banned requirement of government workers to support political campaigns.
Pendleton Act
This 1886 May Day celebration turned violent when a bomb went off.
Haymarket Affair
1887: Designed to break up reservations into individual plots of land for Indians (mirrored the Homestead Act)
Dawes Act
The first major legal restriction on immigration to the U.S. in 1882; prohibited further unskilled immigration from THIS country in order to reduce competition for jobs.
China (Chinese Exclusion Act)
This movement started in 1874 with an initial focus primarily on prohibition
Temperance Movement