WW1
Why did the US enter the war?
Sinking of Lusitania/unrestricted submarine warfare, Zimmermann Telegram, American Propaganda, or Business interests
What is imperialism?
The policy or practice of a state extending its power and dominion over foreign nations, typically through direct territorial acquisition or by gaining political and economic control.
What was a Hooverville?
Makeshift shantytowns built by homeless people across the US during the Great Depression
What was the US' foreign policy in between the world wars?
Retreat from internationalism to traditional isolationism with a desire to be engaged economically with the world
Could also mention "all aid short of war"
What was the big reason the US officially joined the war?
Pearl Harbor
What was the US home front like before or during the war?
Anti German, Debates on is war was good or not, lots of propaganda, or anti immigrants
What is yellow journalism and how did it effect the US during the imperialism in this period?
Yellow journalism is a 19th-century sensationalist, often dishonest, style of reporting
It heavily influenced the US by drumming up public support for the Spanish-American War in 1898
How did FDR's fireside chats help the people in the US?
By providing calm, direct communication during the Great Depression and World War II. They trusted him more because of it
What did the Neutrality Acts do?
Outlawed arms sales or loans to nations at war & extended the ban to nations engaged in civil wars.
What is the Manhattan Project? How did it effect Japan?
The top-secret program was responsible for the development of the first atomic bomb.
Dropped the atomic bombs on them and killed/injured many people, or led to the eventual end of the war with them
Two of the main causes of the war(not why the US entered) were...
Military, Alliances, Imperialism, or Nationalism
What were the two diplomacys? Explain one.
Dollar and moral diplomacy
Dollar: a foreign policy designed to substitute economic power ("dollars") for military force ("bullets") to secure U.S. interests
Moral: foreign policy strategy that supports only nations with democratic beliefs analogous to the U.S
What was the new deal? What is one example of an agency that came from it?
The New Deal was a series of U.S. federal programs, public work projects, and financial reforms enacted by President Franklin D. Roosevelt between 1933 and 1939. Aimed at providing Relief, Recovery, and Reform during the Great Depression
CCC, WPA, TVA, FDIC, AAA, CWA, FERA, NYA, and SSA
What was Cash and Carry? How was it a change from their isolationism?
Allowed the US to sell weapons to nations at war only if they paid cash and transported the weapons on their own ships.
This is not isolationism, they are still helping other countries.
What is the Second Great Migration?
The large-scale movement of African Americans from the rural South to industrialized northern and western cities for jobs
What was the Treaty of Versailles?
It officially ended World War I between the Allied Powers and Germany. It forced Germany to accept full responsibility for the war (Article 231), pay massive reparations, reduce its military, and forfeit significant territory, including all overseas colonies
The Spanish-American war was fought on these two major island groups. Why?
Cuba and the Philippines
Both were key Spanish colonies with ongoing independence revolutions, which the U.S. intervened in to remove Spanish influence
What was the Bonus army? Why were they needed/what happened with them?
Hoover made an act that delayed payment to WW1 veterans so in response they marched on Washington. The bonus army was called in to get rid of them. They burned their camps.
What was Lend - Lease? Why was it controversial?
Authorized the US to sell, transfer, exchange, lease and lend defense materials and shipyard facilities to any country whose defense was vital to the US
It was controversial, seen as an expansion of presidential power, but crucial for supporting Britain and later the Soviet Union. It was also expensive
Rationing and war bonds were big things on the US home front during the war. What were they and why were they needed?
Rationing: A government-mandated system designed to conserve vital resources for the military, prevent inflation, and ensure fair distribution of scarce goods on the home front. The United States began rationing to provide more resources for the military.
War bonds: World War II war bonds were debt securities issued by governments—most famously the U.S. Treasury—to finance military operations and control inflation. They provided a crucial source of revenue for the war effort.
What were 3 of Wilson's 14 points?
1. An end to all secret diplomacy, 2. Freedom of the seas in peace and war, 3. The reduction of trade barriers among nations, 4. The general reduction of armaments, 5. The adjustment of colonial claims in the interest of the inhabitants as well as of the colonial powers, 6. The evacuation of Russian territory and a welcome for its government to the society of nations, 7. The restoration of Belgium, 8. The evacuation of all French territory, including Alsace-Lorraine, 9. The readjustment of Italian boundaries along clearly recognizable lines of nationality, 10. Independence for various national groups in Austria-Hungary, 11. The restoration of the Balkan nations and free access to the sea for Serbia, 12. Protection for minorities in Turkey and the free passage of the ships of all nations through the Dardanelles, 13. Independence for Poland, including access to the sea, 14. A league of nations to protect "mutual guarantees of political independence and territorial integrity to great and small nations alike."
This treaty, signed in December 1898, saw Spain cede the Philippines, Guam, and Puerto Rico to the U.S. When was it signed?
Treaty of Paris of 1898
December 10, 1898
What were two background reasons for the great Depression?
Lack of diversity in the US economy, Misdistribution of money going to the consumer, Eventually too much supply would lead to a rise in unemployment, credit structure of the economy, lack of foreign trade, or international debt structure
Four Freedoms speech. Date(month and year), and what it said?
January, 1941. He outlined his vision for a world that avoided war and where freedom (of speech, of religion, from fear and from want was a reality for all nations and people.
What is the Yalta Conference?
1945 conference, attended by Churchill, Stalin, and FDR, involved plans for the partition of Germany.