Period 1 (1491-1607)
In the year 1492, this explorer sailed the ocean blue (and is credited for the "discovery" of the Americas).
Who is Christopher Columbus?
Name two of the "breadbasket" colonies
What is:
New York
New Jersey
Pennsylvania
Delaware
Of the many taxes levied by Great Britain on the 13 Colonies, this tax had the most volatile response. (Extra 100 points if you can name the year)
What is the 1765 Stamp Act?
Henry Clay's economic plan, including expansion of infrastructure via railroads and canals, protective tariffs, and a national bank was known by this name
What is the American System?
Abraham Lincoln ran on a platform of stopping the spread of slavery but having no plans to end it where it already existed, a stance the Republican Party adopted from this earlier 3rd party.
What was the Free-Soil Party?
This was a staple crop among numerous Native American societies.
What is maize (corn)?
Bacon's Rebellion in 1676 was the catalyst for the decline of what colonial institution?
What is indentured servitude?
These were the first two political parties in the United States (must correctly identify both).
What were the Federalists and Democratic-Republicans?
The 1824 election was also known by this name among supporters of the "common man." Bonus 200 points if you can explain why.
What is the corrupt bargain?
The Confederate war effort hinged almost entirely on the efforts of this one man, with his surrender directly leading to the end of the Civil War.
Who was Robert E. Lee?
This term is used to describe the transfer of crops, livestock, and diseases between the "new" and "old" worlds.
What is the Columbian Exchange?
Match the European colonial powers with each of the three E's of colonialism:
Extraction
Exchange
Enterprise
Extraction: Spain
Exchange: France
Enterprise: England/Great Britain
This Enlightenment-era philosopher served as the main inspiration for the Declaration of Independence.
Who is John Locke?
This early foreign policy decision was later expanded on by presidents (Teddy) Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson.
What is the Monroe Doctrine?
This controversial act overturned the long-standing precedent of the Missouri Compromise. Bonus 100 points for explaining why/how.
What is the Kansas-Nebraska Act?
This Spanish priest spoke out against the treatment of Native Americans during the early years of Spanish colonzation.
Who is Bartolome de las Casas?
Formed in 1619, this was the first legislative body in the British colonies. (Identify the colony and legislative body)
What is the Virginia House of Burgesses?
Alexander Hamilton justified the creation of a national bank under this premise.
What is the elastic clause/necessary and proper clause?
Explain why the Louisiana Purchase contradicted Thomas Jefferson's stance on the Constitution (do not answer in the form of a quesiton)
TJ was a strict interpreter of the Constitution and the Constitution did not grant the president authority to purchase land from other countries
Explain the relationship between westward expansion and the issue of slavery
As America added new territories/states, they had to either keep the balance between free/slave states or find some other way to avoid conflict
Describe the 1494 Treaty of Tordesillas (do not answer in the form of a question)
A treaty between Spain and Portugal that divided newly discovered lands outside Europe. It drew an imaginary line in the Atlantic Ocean—Spain got lands to the west (mostly the Americas), and Portugal got lands to the east (including Brazil, Africa, and parts of Asia).
Describe the economic system of mercantilism (do not answer in the form of a question)
An economic policy where colonies existed to benefit the mother country by supplying raw materials and serving as markets for manufactured goods
Determine whether this excerpt is from a Federalist or Anti-Federalist paper AND justify your answer (do not answer in the form of a question)
[A] dangerous ambition more often lurks behind the specious mask of zeal for the rights of the people than under the forbidden appearance of zeal for the firmness and efficiency of government. History will teach us that the former has been found a much more certain road to the introduction of despotism than the latter, and that of those men who have overturned the liberties of republics, the greatest number have begun their career by paying an obsequious court to the people; commencing demagogues, and ending tyrants.
Federalist
-"Zeal" for rights of the people is referring to the state>federal power stance of the anti-feds
-Firmness and efficiency of gov. alludes to the federalist desire for a strong central gov.
Explain the Nullification Crisis (do not answer in the form of a question)
The Nullification Crisis was a political conflict in the early 1830s when South Carolina, led by John C. Calhoun, claimed it could nullify federal tariffs it deemed unconstitutional, prompting a standoff with President Andrew Jackson over states' rights and federal authority.
The 14th and 15th amendments were passed during this phase of the Reconstruction.
What is radical reconstruction?