(1492-1607)
For the Americas, one DEMOGRAPHIC impact of the Columbian Exchange
What is the decimation of the Indian population?
Settlers who established a British colony in VA during the early 17th century were primarily seeking this
What is to profit economically?
The cartoon below was probably expressing this message

What is a stronger central govt was necessary?
The 19th century women's rights movement focused largely on obtaining this
What is suffrage?
"It is the judgment of this court that it appears . . . that the plaintiff in error is not a citizen . . . in the sense in which that word is used in the Constitution.”
One major result of the SCOTUS decision excerpted above
What is support grew for the Republican Party, the MO Compromise was declared unconstitutional, and/or that national legislation could not limit the extension of slavery?
He believed that Reconstruction was an executive branch matter and sought the rapid restoration of the former Confederate states to the Union.
Who is President Andrew Johnson?
For Europe, one major impact of the Columbian Exchange
What is population increase due to improved diets?
"We are entirely free, we are allies of the King of France, from whom we have received ... all sorts of assistance in our necessities, we love that monarch and are strongly attached to his interests."
The excerpt above from an Indian leader is evidence of this historical development in the mid-1700s
What is competition among European powers for Indian allies in North America?
the Confederation govt. was successful in resolving the problem of this
What is how to admit territories as states?
The development of the canals in the map below were largely a result of, or in some cases led to, this development
What is the Market Revolution?
The territorial gains in the map below had this impact after 1848

What is greater sectional divisions re: slavery?
The Republican and Democratic parties effected a compromise agreement after the 1876 presidential election - the effect was this
What is the end of Congressional Reconstruction?
A drop in the Indian population from 10 million to c. 1-2 million had this effect
What is Europeans were able to gain control over native territory?
The ideas found in this document from 1620 contributed to the development of local representative assemblies in the British North American colonies
What is the Mayflower Compact?
"Therefore, guard against all encroachments upon your liberties so dearly purchased with the costly expense of blood and treasure."
-A Georgian, Gazette of the State of GA, Nov. 1787
Statements such as those above led to this development in the early 1790s
What is the addition of the Bill of Rights to the Constitution?
Russian incursions in North America and rumors of a Spanish plan to reconquer parts of South America led to the promulgation of this in 1823
What is the Monroe Doctrine?
Why Antietam is considered a turning point in the Civil War
What is it forestalled foreign recognition of the Confederacy AND/OR it led to the issuance of the Emancipation Proclamation?
Section 7. . . . every civil officer shall, and every person may, arrest and carry back to his or her legal employer any freedman, free negro, or mulatto who shall have quit the service of his or her employer before the expiration of his or her term of service without good cause….
The above is an excerpt from one of these, passed after the Civil War ends
What are the Black Codes?
some attempts at evangelism, but generally tolerant of Indian culture (s) and focused on economic opportunities in what is today Canada
What is France?
One long-term result of these commercial regulations was the emergence of opposition that eventually morphed into an independence movement in the British North American colonies
What are the Navigation Acts?
Two events in the mid-1790s (one domestic, one foreign) that served to harden the distinctions between the emerging political factions/parties in the US
What are Jay's Treaty and the Whiskey Rebellion?
Antislavery advocates could cite this as a win, as it closed most of Louisiana territory to slavery
What is the Missouri Compromise?
the immediate effect of the Emancipation Proclamation
What is it strengthened the moral cause of the Union?
"After [the Confederate surrender at] Appomattox the South’s political leaders saw themselves entering an era of revolutionary changes imposed by the national government, which many viewed as an outside power.
Continuing a long pattern of American . . . behavior, many whites found an outlet for their frustration by attacking those deemed responsible for their suffering: white Republicans and blacks. . . ."
The subject of the excerpt above
What is Southern resistance to Reconstruction?
“It would be a fickle, foolish thing for us to destroy the most ancient laws and customs left by the first inhabitants of this land. . . . All of us together feel that it is enough to have lost, enough that the power and royal jurisdiction have been taken from us."
-Lords and Holy Men of Tenochtitlan, 1524
One implication that can be made from the passage above
What is Natives resisted European attempts to suppress their culture?
Patterns of settlement in these colonies led to the emergence of greater cultural and religious tolerance (name the colonies - 4 )
What are NY, PA, DE, NJ?
Why the 1800 Election is considered to be a "revolution" in American politics
What is the losing party stepped down peacefully?
"We, therefore, the people of South Carolina ... do declare and ordain ... that the several acts and parts of acts of the Congress ... purporting to be laws for the imposing of duties ... on the importation of foreign commodities ... are unauthorized by the Constitution of the United States ..."
The above excerpt is an expression of a larger philosophical debate over this
What is the proper relationship between the state governments & the federal/central government?
In the Gettysburg Address, Lincoln referred to a 'new birth of freedom' - these amendments fulfilled this promise after 1863 (you must include what they did)
What is officially abolish slavery (13), grant Blacks US citizenship and equal protection under the law (14) and outlaw voting discrimination based on color (15)?
“Since the surrender of the armies of the Confederate States of America a little has been done toward establishing the Government upon true principles of liberty and justice ... [for] four million slaves."
-Thaddeus Stevens, House of Reps. speech, 1867
One piece of evidence that would REFUTE Stevens's claim that "little has been done" for the former slaves by 1867
What is the establishment of the Freedman's Bureau?