Period 5
The nickname for a period of bloody conflict in what became Kansas.
Bleeding Kansas
This linked the U.S. from Atlantic to Pacific by both rail and telegraph as well as accelerating the development and eventual closure of the frontier.
Transcontinental Railroad
Ratified in 1920, it granted women the right to vote.
Nineteenth (19th) Amendment
It banned slavery and involuntary servitude, and functionally repealed the Three-Fifths Clause.
Thirteenth Amendment
(P6) The total or near-total domination of an industry by one business.
Monopoly
After his master’s death, he sued for freedom. The Court ruled that all African Americans (free or slave) were not citizens and also ruled that Congress had no right to deny citizens of their individual property.
Dred Scott v. Sandford / Dred Scott Case
Advocated for both economic and social reforms, such as the development of labor cooperatives, an eight-hour workday, and federal regulation of business.
Knights of Labor
A term for journalism that produced juicy stories, both real and wildly sensationalized, designed to drive
newspaper readership, sometimes at the expense of the truth.
Yellow Journalism
(P6) Laws that enforced segregation, primarily but not exclusively in the South.
Jim Crow Laws
(P7) An era of social and political reform that began with the swearing in of Theodore Roosevelt in 1901 and lasted until the beginning of U.S. involvement in World War I in 1917.
Progressive Era
Inspired by the Wilmot Proviso, antislavery advocates from various political parties founded this Party to oppose the expansion of slavery into the new Western territories.
Free Soil Party
Landmark Supreme Court case (1896) that upheld segregation, codifying the doctrine of “separate but equal.”
Plessy v. Ferguson
Their 1892 policy platform advocated for a silver standard, a graduated income tax, direct
election of U.S. senators, and ownership of railroads, telegraph, and telephone lines.
Populist Party
(P7) A law passed during the Second New Deal. It established a federal minimum wage and set the maximum hours for workers employed by interstate businesses.
Fair Labor Standards Act
Issued on January 1, 1863, it was an executive order that freed any slave in areas in open rebellion against the United States government.
Emancipation Proclamation
An 1842 treaty that divided a contested territory in northern Maine between the United States and Britain, settling Maine’s northern boundary.
Webster-Ashburton Treaty
A business tycoon who amassed a fortune in the steamboat business and invested this fortune in the consolidation of many smaller rail lines under one company, the New York Central Railroad.
Cornelius Vanderbilt
A form of political corruption where a political party rewards its supporters with favors.
Spoils System
(P7) A 1913 reform that significantly reduced tariff rates and protected consumers by keeping the price of manufactured goods low.
Underwood Tariff Bill
(P6) A period from the 1870s to 1900. While marked by massive economic growth due to industrialization,
it also led to equally massive economic inequality.
Gilded Age
An act of obstructionism that prevents the normal workings of the legislature.
Filibuster
An 1887 law that which would regulate and investigate railroad companies that participated in interstate rail trafficking.
Interstate Commerce Act
A loan program crafted by Charles D. that enabled Germany to pay its war reparations, thus
lessening the financial crisis in Europe.
Dawes Plan
Started primarily by Irish immigrants, hundreds were killed and entire city blocks were destroyed by fire. The rioters feared that newly emancipated African Americans would undercut them in the labor market
New York Draft Riot
This plan from Lincoln reestablished state governments and required at least 10 percent of the states’ voters to swear an oath of loyalty to the United States and the Constitution.
Ten Percent Plan