Pre-colonial and early contact
Colonial Period 1607-1763 Period
Revolutionary Period
The New Nation 1783-1801
Jeffersonian America
100
The development of this agricultural item, first grown about 3000 BCE, allowed food surpluses and the development of economic, cultural and political systems in the Americas.
What is maize?
100
This agreement written in 1820 created a body politic among Plymouth's male settlers, and was the forerunner to charters and constitutions that eventually were adopted in all the colonies.
What is the Mayflower Compact?
100
This confrontation between British soldiers and colonists in March 1870 resulted in the death of five colonists, and was used by radicals to stir up resentment of and opposition to the British government.
What is the Boston Massacre?
100
This political party, one half of the first American party system, was led by Thomas Jefferson, feared centralized political power, supported states' rights, opposed Hamilton's financial plan, and supported ties to France. It was heavily influenced by agrarian interests.
What is the Democratic Republican Party?
100
This foreign policy statement was issued in order to counter a perceived threat from European powers to the newly independent Latin American states, and proclaimed that the Western Hemisphere closed to further European colonization, that existing colonies would not be interfered with, and that the US would not interfere in European affairs.
What is the Monroe Doctrine?
200
Grants in Spanish colonies in which Indian labor was awarded to wealthy colonists.
What are encomiendas?
200
An attack against Native Americans in the Virginia backcountry exploded into this broader event that illustrated the division between the colonial "East" and "West," as well as the dangers of the indentured-servant system of labor.
What is Bacon's Rebellion?
200
During the Revolutionary War, this battle was a turning point in which 6000 British soldiers surrendered to the Revolutionary Army, convincing the French to ally with the revolutionaries.
What is the Battle of Saratoga?
200
In 1798 the President was given power to deport "dangerous" Aliens, lengthen the residency requirement for citizenship, and restrict freedom of speech and the press during war by these controversial laws.
What are the Alien and Sedition Acts?
200
This is the nickname given to young Congressmen in the 12th Congress, mostly from the South and the West, who demanded war with Britain and were led by John Calhoun and Henry Clay.
Who are the War Hawks?
300
This is the name given to the council of Chiefs from the Onandaga, Mohawk, Cayuga, Oneida, and Seneca nations.
What is the Iroquois Confederacy?
300
This attempt to streamline colonial rule by combining all of the New England colonies under the control of one governor was bitterly resented by colonists, and dissolved after teh Glorious Revolution.
What is the Dominion of New England?
300
This 1763 event in the Ohio River Valley convinced the British government to issue the Proclamation of 1763, which was bitterly resented by the colonists.
What is Pontiac's rebellion?
300
This 1786-7 uprising in western Massachusetts closed the courts and threatened revolution against the state, calling into question the Articles of Confederation and the Federal Government's ability to suppress revolt.
What is Shay's rebellion?
300
This Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, arguably the most influential in history, authored Court decisions that incorporated Hamilton's Federalist ideas into the Constitution, and that gave the Judicial Branch equality with the other branches of the federal government.
Who is John Marshall?
400
This Eastern Woodlands culture, whose largest city was Cahokia, was the most advanced of the mound-building cultures that developed on the floodplains of the Mississippi river.
What is the Mississippian culture?
400
This Congregational minister of the 1740s was a leading voice of the First Great Awakening and attacked ideas of easy salvation with his "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God."
Who is Jonathon Edwards?
400
These laws passed in 1767were designed to address colonial resistance to "internal taxes" but delivered a new insult because they were specifically designed to raise revenue.
What are the Townsend Acts?
400
This refers to a person who believes that the "elastic clause" of the Constitution gives the central government wide latitude of action, holding that powers not explicitly set forth in the Constitution ma be exercised if such powers are "necessary and proper" in order to carry out powers that are specifically stated.
What is a "loose constructionist"?
400
Under the terms of this 1819 agreement the US paid Spain $5million for Florida, Spain recognized US claims to the Oregon Country, and the US surrendered its claims to northern Mexico (Texas)>
What is the Adams-Onis Treaty (aka the Florida Purchase Treaty, or the Transcontinental Treaty).
500
This principle involving mutual give-and-take allowed broad cultural life beyond individual bands and sought to maintain equilibrium pre-Columbian societies
What is reciprocity?
500
This 1662 Puritan response to the dilemma of what to do with children born to non-church members was an attempt to address declining interest in and commitment to the church.
What is the Half-Way Covenant?
500
Following the Boston Tea Party in 1774, this punishment closed the Boston port to all trade, revoked the Massachusetts charter, gave extraterritoriality to British officials, and housed British soldiers in private homes. It also prompted the convening of the First Continental Congress.
What are the Coercive Acts (aka Intolerable Acts)?
500
Access to New Orleans and the Mississippi River were the result of this agreement with the Spanish in 1795.
What is Pinckney's treaty?
500
This 1807 incident brought on a crisis when personnel from a British warship attacked an American warship, boarded its crew looking for Royal Navy deserters, and killed or wounded 20 American sailors. Some angry and humiliated Americans called for war.
What is the Chesapeake-Leonard affair?
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