Unit 1
was a global exchange of crops, diseases, animals, and ideas.
The natives were largely impacted through slavery, disease, and religion. The Europeans gained wealth through their means and gained new crops from the New World.
What is the Columbian Exchange
What was Virginias Cash Crop, Introduced by John Ralf
What is Tobacco
Salutatory Neglect
Britain's absence in colonial America due to pressing issues in England left the colonies somewhat isolated for the most part to govern themselves.
Area of land that doubled the size of the U.S. acquired from France (Napoleon)
Acquired by Thomas Jefferson even if he believed a strict interpretation of the Constitution.
What is The Louisiana Purchase (1803)
Admitted California as a free state, New Mexico and Arizona territories would be decided voting on the idea of “popular sovereignty”, the slave trade was banned in Washington D.C., and a stronger Fugitive Slave Law was enacted.
• Congress addressed the immediate crisis created by the recent territorial expansion. The strengthened fugitive slave act began to threaten sectional peace, contributing a major increase in sectionalism in the 1850s.
The Compromise of 1850
Who won the 1860 Election?
What is Abraham Lincoln
Describe the “3 G’s” which motivated Spain to colonize the New World.
What is
The religious motivations were to spread Christianity to the
New World through the “Mission System”.
• The three G’s were God, gold, and glory.
Importance of the Virginia House of Burgesses (1619)
What is - type of colonial government established principles of colonial self-rule within the English colonies in North America.
This law banned colonists from moving beyond the imaginary line along the boundaries of the Appalachian Mountains. This angered colonists who wanted access to western lands
acquired after the French and Indian War.
What is Proclamation Line of 1763
Effect of British Impressment (kidnaping of sailors to make them fight in their war against France) by President Jefferson.
What is The Embargo Act (1807)
How did the Mexican-American War contribute to growing sectionalism in the nation?
The new territory acquired from Mexico renewed the sectional debates over the extension of slavery west and it accelerated the coming of the Civil War.
____________ was where individuals farmed others’ land in the South after the Civil War, and in exchange for farming on this land, they would have to “share” a portion of their crops with the landowners. However, this led to a massive cycle of debt for African American laborers who were forced into _______________ during Reconstruction.
What is sharecropping
A 3-part trade route in which a merchant ship starting in Europe would transport goods (rum, clothing, firearms) to West Africa to trade for African slaves.
The ship would then set sail across the Atlantic via the Middle Passage, those who survived the voyage were sold into slavery.
What is the Triangular Trade Route
__________________and backcountry lower class colonists in Virginia vs. Governor William Berkley and the wealthy elites. The conflict began because of a border conflict with Native Americans. ______ and his followers took over Jamestown because they were angry that the wealthy elites were not protecting them from Native American attacks
Bacons Rebellion
What were 4 Acts established by the British in order to tax or punish American colonists?
What is the Sugar Act, Quartering Act, Stamp Act, Townsend Duties, Tea Act, Coercive Acts
Created by Henry Clay.
Missouri came into the Union as a slave state and Maine
What term belongs here - entered the Union as a free state.
• Slavery was banned north of the 36o30 parallel (the Southern border of _________)
• The ________________ temporarily preserved the sectional balance for the next 30 years.
The Missouri Compromise (1820)
a slave, sued for his freedom because he was taken to live for 2 years in free territory.
• But, the Supreme Court ruled against him
• SCOTUS also ruled the Missouri Compromise was What is unconstitutional
What is The Dred Scott Supreme Court Case (1857)
Supreme Court case that established the doctrine of “separate but equal”, which allowed for southern states to pass Black Codes and Jim Crow laws that specifically denied African Americans equal rights as citizens and allowed for segregation throughout the South.
What is Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
The Spanish used this in the New World to enslave the natives and forced them to labor in the fields or the mines looking for precious metals.
What is the Encomienda System
Importance of the First Great Awakening
What is - led to divisions over religious beliefs Fostered independent thinking which helped the colonists prepare for the American Revolution Ensured that freedom of religion would be an important aspect of the New Republic.
What is the name of this event Farmers from western PA attacked tax collectors and refused to pay Hamilton’s excise tax on ________.
President Washington placed 15,000 state militiamen under Hamilton’s command to suppress the ________.
What is Whiskey Rebellion (1794)
What was the “Mexican Cession”?
What is land obtained after the Guadalupe Hidalgo treaty which included California, Nevada, Utah, New Mexico, most of Arizona and Colorado, and parts of Oklahoma, Kansas, and Wyoming.
What does The compromise of 1850 do?
What is admitted California as a free state, New Mexico and Arizona territories would be decided voting on the idea of “popular sovereignty”, the slave trade was banned in Washington D.C., and a stronger Fugitive Slave Law was enacted.
What does the emancipation proclamation do?
What is - The Emancipation Proclamation was Lincoln’s pledge to free the slaves in the states that had seceded by Jan. 1,1863 if the Confederate states did not return to the Union by that date.
• Lincoln issued the Proclamation after the Battle of Antietam
(September 1862).
• The Emancipation Proclamation caused Britain and France to
refuse to recognize the Confederacy.
Explain the rigid social hierarchy that Spain implemented in its colonies.
What is even though the Spanish incorporated Native Americans and African Slaves the Casta System, (The Spanish ruling hierarchy in the Americas: Peninsulares, Criollos, Mestizos, Mulattoes, Africans, Native Americans)
How was Maryland different than other colonies
What is Maryland Act of Religious Toleration was that it ensured the freedom of religion for Christians in Maryland. This was the first example of an act that provided some sense of religious freedom in the English colonies.
Explain the Federalist v Anti Federalist Debates
What is - Those who supported the ratification of the Constitution or a stronger Federal government(Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay)
whether or not a strong national government would preserve or eventually destroy the liberty of the American people.
Established the precedent of judicial review for the courts SCOTUS had the authority to decide if laws passed by Congress are constitutional.
What is Marbury v. Madison (1803)
What is bleeding Kansas and How does it contribute to Sectionalism?
What is
Allowed Kansas to vote using popular vote to decided slave status (undermined the Missouri Compromise.
created a rush of other states to help both the slave and abolitionist perspectives creating a violent clash.
What are the 3 reconstruction amendments and what they did they do?
What is -
13th Amendment abolished slavery
• 14th Amendment provided rights as citizens and equal protection under the law
• 15th Amendment gave African American men the right to vote