Jefferson
Name the 1803 land purchase that doubled the size of the United States.
Louisiana Purchase
Name the war fought between the United States and Britain from 1812–1815 and give one stated reason the U.S. declared war.
War of 1812; reason: impressment of American sailors, interference with American trade, British support for Native resistance.
Name the foreign policy statement made during Monroe’s presidency that warned European powers against further colonization in the Americas.
Monroe Doctrine
Name the political movement or party that formed in opposition to Andrew Jackson and identify one reason for its formation.
Whig Party (and National Republicans earlier); reason: opposition to Jackson’s strong executive actions, his bank policies, and perceived autocratic style.
Flamingos are born white, they get their pink color from
Shrimp they eat
Explain how the Embargo Act of 1807 attempted to respond to British and French actions and state one major economic consequence for the United States.
economic pressure to stop British/French interference; consequence: severe decline in American trade and economic hardship, especially for New England.
Explain the significance of the Battle of New Orleans to American morale and why its timing made it symbolic rather than strategically decisive.
Battle of New Orleans (1815) boosted national pride; fought after the Treaty of Ghent had been signed but before news reached combatants.
Define the “Era of Good Feelings” and give one reason historians later view the term as imperfect.
“Era of Good Feelings” refers to nationalistic unity after War of 1812; imperfect because of economic panics, sectional tensions, and emerging political divisions.
Describe the Nullification Crisis: identify the state involved, the central conflict, and how Jackson responded.
Nullification Crisis (South Carolina); issue: tariff laws declared unconstitutional by the state; Jackson responded with a Proclamation asserting federal supremacy and sought the Force Bill to authorize military action while accepting a tariff compromise.
Giraffes are 30 times more likely to have this happen to them.
Be struck by lightning
Describe the constitutional dilemma Jefferson faced in authorizing the Louisiana Purchase and explain how he justified the purchase despite his usual strict constructionist views.
Jefferson’s strict constructionism vs. purchase authority; justification: treaty-making powers / implied powers and national interest.
Describe the main provisions of the Hartford Convention and explain why it damaged the reputation of the Federalist Party.
New England Federalists protested war policies, discussed constitutional amendments, some talk of secession; result: viewed as unpatriotic and hastened Federalist decline.
Explain the terms and significance of the Adams-Onís Treaty of 1819.
Adams-Onís Treaty (1819): Spain ceded Florida to the U.S.; U.S. renounced claims to Texas; clarified western boundary; reinforced U.S. territorial expansion.
Explain the Indian Removal Act of 1830 and name one consequence for Native American nations.
Indian Removal Act (1830) authorized relocation of Native Americans to lands west of the Mississippi; consequence: widespread displacement, suffering, and events like the Trail of Tears (Cherokee)
The oldest dog lived for this many years
30
Identify the Supreme Court case involving the judiciary during Jefferson’s presidency that asserted the principle of judicial review, and briefly state its significance.
established judicial review (court can declare acts of Congress unconstitutional).
Analyze how maritime issues (impressment and restrictions on neutral trade) contributed to the outbreak of the War of 1812 and evaluate whether they were the only causes.
Maritime issues such as impressment and trade restrictions were significant; other causes included frontier pressures, desire to expand into British Canada, and political pressures from War Hawks.
Describe one economic or political challenge the United States faced during Monroe’s presidency and how the administration or Congress responded.
Example challenge: Panic of 1819 (economic downturn) — response: limited; led to calls for banking and monetary reform; also growing sectional tensions addressed via compromise measures in Congress.
Analyze Jackson’s justification for dismantling the Second Bank of the United States and describe one short-term economic effect of his bank policies.
Jackson opposed the Second Bank as a privileged institution; he vetoed its recharter and withdrew federal deposits; short-term effects included destabilized credit, specie contractions, and contributed to the Panic of 1837 (after his presidency).
This is the only food product that does not spoil
Honey
Discuss the goals and major outcomes of the Lewis and Clark expedition, including at least two long-term impacts on the United States
map territory, find water route to Pacific, establish relations with Native tribes; outcomes—geographic knowledge, scientific and commercial information, strengthened U.S. claims to the West, increased westward migration.
Assess James Madison’s evolving views on federal power before and after the War of 1812, citing one policy or action that illustrates this change
Madison moved from limited federal power to supporting measures like a national bank and tariffs (e.g., support for the Second Bank of the United States and protective tariffs after the war) showing increased federal activism.
Evaluate the Monroe Doctrine’s immediate impact on U.S. foreign relations in the 1820s and explain how it reflected broader American ambitions.
Immediate impact: asserted U.S. hemispheric influence though European powers paid limited attention; reflected desire to prevent European recolonization and to protect emerging American interests.
Discuss how Jacksonian Democracy changed American politics, including at least two specific reforms or political shifts associated with his era.
Jacksonian Democracy expanded suffrage to more white men (removal of property requirements), emphasized the “common man,” promoted the spoils system and party organization, and increased presidential power (use of veto, patronage).
This is the deepest spot on the earth.
Mariana Trench
This dish that has become a staple of the American diet, especially at Thanksgiving, or in a quick microwaveable cup in less than 4 minutes, was brought to America by one of Jefferson's slaves.
Macaroni & Cheese
This was the name of James Madison's plantation
Montpelier
James Monroe died on this day, the same as two previous presidents.
4th of July
Andrew Jackson carried this with him for over 40 years after a duel.
A bullet stuck in his chest
This marsupial has fingerprints similar to humans.
Koala