Civil War & Reconstruction
Who was the president during the Civil War?
Abraham Lincoln
What was the Second Industrial Revolution?
A period of rapid industrial growth in the late 1800s.
What were muckrakers?
Journalists who exposed corruption and social issues.
What was the policy of containment?
U.S. strategy to stop the spread of communism.
Who was president during 9/11?
George W. Bush
What caused the Southern states to secede?
Election of Lincoln and fear of abolition of slavery.
Who were the Robber Barons?
Wealthy and powerful industrialists like Carnegie and Rockefeller.
What reforms did Progressives support?
Regulation of business, women's suffrage, and political reforms.
What was the Marshall Plan?
U.S. aid to rebuild Western Europe after WWII.
What was Reaganomics?
Economic policy focused on tax cuts and deregulation.
What was the Emancipation Proclamation?
Freed slaves in Confederate states.
What was the significance of the railroad?
It connected the country, enabled trade, and encouraged westward expansion.
What caused U.S. entry into WWI?
Unrestricted submarine warfare and the Zimmerman Telegram.
What was the Cuban Missile Crisis?
A 1962 confrontation over Soviet missiles in Cuba.
What caused the Great Recession of 2008?
Housing market collapse and risky financial practices.
What were Black Codes?
Southern laws that restricted the rights of freedmen.
What was the Sherman Antitrust Act?
1890 law aimed at breaking up monopolies.
What was the 19th Amendment?
Gave women the right to vote.
What was McCarthyism?
Fear-driven anti-communist movement led by Senator McCarthy.
What was the Patriot Act?
Law expanding government surveillance to combat terrorism.
Explain the purpose and failure of Reconstruction.
To rebuild the South and extend rights to freedmen, the effort failed due to resistance and a lack of Northern will.
Describe the rise of labor unions and significant strikes.
Workers formed unions to demand better wages and conditions; significant strikes included the Homestead and Pullman Strikes.
How did WWI affect civil liberties at home?
The Espionage and Sedition Acts restricted free speech.
Describe the causes and effects of the Vietnam War.
Caused: Cold War tensions and fear of communism
Effect: led to protests and distrust in government.
Describe a major civil rights issue in the 21st century.
Ongoing racial inequality and the rise of the Black Lives Matter movement.