Time Period 1
This global transfer of plants, animals, diseases, and people began after Columbus reached the Americas.
What is the Columbian Exchange?
Tobacco, rice, and indigo were examples of this type of crop grown to be sold for profit.
What is a cash crop?
This global conflict between Britain and France (1754–1763) began in North America and helped spark the American Revolution due to war debts.
What is the Seven Years’ War (French and Indian War)?
In 1773, colonists protested the Tea Act by dumping tea into Boston Harbor.
What is the Boston Tea Party?
This individual was the second president of the United States and enacted the Alien and Sedition Act.
Who is John Adams.
This period of “rebirth” in Europe (1300s–1600s) saw major growth in art, science, and exploration.
What is the Renaissance?
Founded in 1619, this Virginia assembly became the first representative government in the English colonies.
What is the House of Burgesses?
This British law banned colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains.
What is the Proclamation Line of 1763?
Approved on July 4, 1776, this document explained why the colonies were breaking from Britain.
What is the Declaration of Independence?
This person was a leader of frontier farmers who generated a major rebellion against the colonial government in Virginia in 1676
Who is Nathaniel Bacon.
This type of small-scale farming involves growing crops with simple tools, often practiced by early Indigenous societies.
What is horticulture?
This economic theory said colonies existed to benefit the mother country by providing raw materials and markets.
What is mercantilism?
This long period where Britain loosely enforced colonial laws ended after the French and Indian War.
What is salutary neglect?
This first direct tax on colonists required official stamps on paper goods.
What is the Stamp Act?
This person wrote the essay "Common Sense" which had a dramatic impact on promoting the need for American independence.
Who is Thomas Paine.
Known for their calendars, pyramids, and writing system, this ancient civilization lived in modern-day Mexico, Belize, and Guatemala.
Who are the Maya?
This 1676 revolt in Virginia involved frontier settlers protesting against the colonial governor.
What is Bacon’s Rebellion?
In 1775, this proclamation was offered by a Virginia governor which granted freedom to enslaved people who joined the British military.
What is Dunmore’s Proclamation?
This compromise counted a portion of enslaved people for representation and taxation.
What is the Three-Fifths Compromise?
This person was Thomas Jefferson's Secretary of State, the 4th President of the United States, and known as the father of the constitution.
Who is James Madison.
This racial and social hierarchy in colonial Latin America ranked people by ancestry, from Spaniards at the top to Indigenous and African peoples at the bottom.
What is the Spanish Caste System?
These revivalist ministers supported the emotional preaching of the Great Awakening.
Who are the New Light clergy?
This law set rules for creating new states and banned slavery in the Northwest Territory.
What is the Northwest Ordinance?
These 1798 laws targeted immigrants and made criticizing the government illegal.
What are the Alien and Sedition Acts?
This British politician was known for creating a tax act, named after himself, which imposed duties on the American colonies.
Who is Charles Townshend