Key Terms
Transatlantic Trade
British Colonies
English-Native Relations
European Colonization
100
This system of forced labor was created by the Spanish to extract wealth from minerals and allowed colonists to seize property of Native Americans.
What is the Encomienda System.
100
This historical development saw new resources and items introduced to Europe and the Americas, along with disease.
What is the Columbian Exchange.
100
This outpost, established in 1607, became the first permanent English colony as it grew into what is now known as Virginia.
What is Jamestown
100
Born Metacomet, this Wampanoag leader organized a confederacy of Native American tribes against the English settlers of Massachusetts
Who is "King Philip"
100
This countries colonists were largely uninterested in interacting, attempting to convert, or respecting the claims of Native Americans
Who are the English
200
This was a religious revival in the British colonies, brought about by connections to print culture back in Europe and quickly spread throughout the colonies.
What is the 1st Great Awakening.
200
More than any other factor of the Colombian Exchange, this impacted American Indian people the most, decimating their population to only a few hundred thousand in the present day.
What is disease (smallpox)
200
Puritan leader who's "City on a Hill" sermon in 1630 set the stage for mass colonization of Massachusetts Bay as well as the notion of Puritans (and later Americans) being an "exceptional" people.
Who is John Wintrhop
200
This Algonquin chief was the first Native political leader to make contact with the English colonists at Jamestown
Who is Powhatan
200
By 1620 these were the four European countries with colonies established on the North American continent, despite different economic goals.
Who are France, the Dutch, England, and Spain
300
Most American-Indian groups followed this type of lineage which placed women at the top of the social-political pyramid as keepers of the villages and advisers to chiefs.
What is matralineal
300
This transatlantic system brought millions of enslaved Africans to the Americas to replace declining Indigenous labor.
What is the Atlantic slave trade?
300
This region of British North America became the target destination for thousands of indentured servants during the 1600s.
What is the Chesapeake
300
This revolt in 1680 by Native Americans in the Southwest forced the Spanish colonies to accept Native American cultural practices
What is the 1680 Pueblo Revolt
300
Of all the European nations who encountered American Indians, this one enjoyed probably the most friendly relationship through mutual understanding and gift-giving and alliances based on beavers.
What is France.
400
These large earthen structures, built by cultures like the Mississippian culture, often served religious or political purposes.
DAILY DOUBLE: Name the City related to this civilization
Mounds
Cahokia
400
This complex economic system dictated that a country should export more than it imports and build up its gold/silver reserves. Often Considered Colonies as providers for the Mother Country
What is Mercantalism
400
This group settled Plymouth colony, hoping for religious freedom
Pilgrims/Seperatists
400
This conflict (1636–1638) between New England settlers and a Native tribe resulted in the near destruction of that tribe and demonstrated the growing English willingness to use total war.
What is the Pequot War?
400
This colony/area was controlled by different European countries, first colonized in 1617, then being taken over in 1664.
What is New York/New Amsterdam
500
Before European contact, many Native American societies relied on this “three sister” farming system using corn, beans, and squash.
What is Three Sisters?
500
Despite this food being brought back to Europe, it was often looked down upon and thought better consumed by animals, demonstrating the belief of superiority Europeans felt in their interactions with Natives.
What is corn/maize
500
Different from the Caste system created by the Spanish that saw different populations mix with each other, these laws passed by colonies created strict divisions between different populations.
What are Slave Codes
500
This group in the Middle colonies were the most accepting and respectful of Native Americans
What are the Quakers.
500
This term could be used to describe British colonial policy of relaxed enforcement of colonial regulations during the reigns of George I
What is Salutary Neglect