Period 1 (1491-1607)
The widespread transfer of plants, animals, precious metals, commodities, culture, human populations, technology, diseases, and ideas between the New World (the Americas) in the Western Hemisphere, and the Old World (Afro-Eurasia) in the Eastern Hemisphere, in the late 15th and following centuries
What is the Columbian Exchange?
In this international system, the Americas would send raw materials to Europe and Africa, Europe supplied Africa and America with finished goods, and Africa captured and transported slaves to the Americas.
What is trans-atlantic trade?
also known as the French and Indian War, _____________led to the British defeat of France and allied Native Americans.
What is the Seven Years War?
Included 530,000,000 acres of territory in North America that the United States purchased from France in 1803 for $15 million.
What is the Louisiana Purchase?
an anti-slavery novel by American author Harriet Beecher Stowe. Published in two volumes in 1852, the novel had a profound effect on attitudes toward African Americans and slavery in the U.S., and is said to have "helped lay the groundwork for the [American] Civil War"
What is Uncle Tom's Cabin?
3 main motives for European Conquest of the New World.
What was God, Gold & Glory?
Who were the 4 main European colonizers in the Americas?
Who were the Spanish, Dutch, French, and English.?
This philosophical movement inspired American thinkers, like Thomas Jefferson, and promoted social mobility.
What is the Enlightenment?
signed into law on May 28, 1830, by United States President Andrew Jackson. The law, as described by Congress, provided "for an exchange of lands with the Native Americans residing in any of the states or territories, and for their removal west of the river Mississippi."
What is the Indian Removal Act?
five laws passed in September of 1850 that dealt with the issue of slavery and territorial expansion. In 1849 California requested permission to enter the Union as a free state, potentially upsetting the balance between the free and slave states in the U.S. Senate.
What is the Compromise of 1850?
Disease that wiped out approximately 90% of the indigenous population of the Americas.
What is smallpox?
These colonies developed small Puritan towns with family farms.
What are the New England Colonies?
The first form of government that unified the states, but limited central power, which made things difficult for the federal government to handle trade, finances, and unrest.
What are the Articles of Confederation?
a landmark U.S. Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in the United States, meaning that American courts have the power to strike down laws and statutes they find to violate the Constitution of the United States
What is Marbury V. Madison?
The Mexican–American War, also known in the United States as the Mexican War, was an invasion of Mexico by the United States Army from 1846 to 1848. It followed the 1845 American annexation of Texas, which Mexico still considered its territory. What is the name of the treaty that brought an end to the Mexican-American War?
What is the Treaty of Gudalupe-Hidalgo?
Diverse native societies adapted to their environments. Give me 1 example of how native american societies adapted to their environment.
1. Maize cultivation in Mexico & American Southwest supported communities.
2. Great Basin & grasslands were arid, so communities were mobile.
3. Northeast, Mississippi River, and Atlantic coast communities practiced a mix of agriculture and foraging in permanent settlements.
4. Northwest and Pacific coast communities mostly foraged and fished.
an economic theory used by most European countries from c. 1500-1750. _____ believed that wealth (gold and silver) equated to power and that accumulating the most gold granted the most power. To get gold, a country had to export more than it imported.
What is mercantilism?
British officials attempt to prevent colonists from moving westward. Increased the colonists discontent with British monarchy.
What is the Proclamation of 1763?
Marked by a wave of enthusiastic religious revivals, the _____________________ set the stage for equally enthusiastic social reform movements, especially abolitionism and temperance.
What is the Second Great Awakening?
In this ruling, the U.S. Supreme Court stated that enslaved people were not citizens of the United States and, therefore, could not expect any protection from the federal government or the courts.
What is the Dred Scott Case?
a Spanish labour system that rewarded conquerors with the labour of conquered non-Christian peoples.
What is the encomienda system?
Give me one example of continuation of conflict between American Indians and Europeans.
Pueblo Revolt
Metacom's/King Phillips War
Beaver Wars
Etc.
Three things that George Washington warned Americans about in his "Farewell Address."
What is sectionalism, political parties, and involvment in foreign conflict?
The market revolution had a significant impact on US society. Name 3 changes the Market Revolution inspired in American Society.
More Americans worked in factories and no longer relied on subsistence agriculture.
The middle class emerged as industrialization made expanded the gap between wealthy elite and poor laborers.
Gender and family roles changed as more women worked in factories
Urbanization as people moved to cities for work.
Mass immigration from Europe, specifically Ireland and Germany.
The Reconstruction Era passed several important amendments to the constitution, 3 to be exact. What are the 3 amendments and what rights did they give American citizens?
13th Amendment - abolished slavery and involuntary servitude
14th Amendment- granted citizenship and equal civil and legal rights to anyone born in the United States or who became a citizen of the country. (This includes former slaves).
15th Amendment- Gave African American men the right to vote.