Pre-Colombian America
Colombian Exchange and Beyond
Early English Colonization
English-Native Relations
Pre-Revolutionary Slavery
100
This confederacy of Five Nations (The Mohawk, The Oneida, The Onondaga, The Seneca, and The Cayuga) dominated most of upstate New York and Canada.
Who are the Iroquois
100
Although born in Genoa, Italy Columbus sailed for this nation-state in 1492 on his fateful voyage west across the Atlantic.
What is Spain
100
This outpost, established in 1607, became the first permanent English colony as it grew into what is now known as Virginia.
What is Jamestown
100
Born Metacomet, this Wampanoag leader organized a confederacy of Native American tribes against the English settlers of Massachusetts
Who is "King Philip"
100
This leg of the South Atlantic System brought captured Africans to the Caribbean and eventually N. America.
What is the "Middle Passage"
200
Located throughout Mexico, this empire's capital city of Tenochtitlan boasted nearly 350,000 residents prior to the arrival of Hernando Cortez in 1516.
Who are the Aztecs
200
More than any other factor of the Colombian Exchange, this impacted American Indian people the most, decimating their population to only a few hundred thousand in the present day.
What is disease
200

This region of British North America became the target destination for thousands of indentured servants during the 1600s.

What is the Chesapeake

200
This Algonquin chief was the first Native political leader to make contact with the English colonists at Jamestown
Who is Powhatan
200
The introduction of this advanced weapon by Europeans allowed coastal African tribes to gain a military advantage over their neighbors which helped add numbers to the booming slave trade in the 1600s-1700s.
What are firearms/guns
300
Most American-Indian groups followed this type of lineage which placed women at the top of the social-political pyramid as keepers of the villages and advisers to chiefs.
What is matralineal
300
Of all the European nations who encountered American Indians, this one enjoyed probably the most cordial relationship through mutual understanding and gift-giving.
What is France
300

A key event in Virginia that set into motion the idea that black Africans were to be "permanent slaves" in order to drive a wedge between them and the poor white population.

What is Bacon's Rebellion

300

This group of English settlers actually negotiated with the natives for their land and had good relations early on. 

Who are the Quakers
300

By the early 1700s, most slaves were classified as this term, literally meaning "personal, movable property".

What is "chattel"

400
This practice of having smaller, weaker nations pay goods/gold to stronger nations for protection or due to being conquered was practiced by many tribes including the Aztec, Inca, and Algonquins (and later the Spanish).
What is the tribute system
400
The import of this New World vegetable to Africa in the 1500s sharply increased their indigenous population but at the same time made them prime candidates for slavery soon after.
What is maize (corn)
400
This system of granting 50-100 acres of land to one who paid for the import of an indentured servant to Virginia during the 1600s added to the wealth/economic power of the plantation owners but left little to those servants who eventually became free.
What is the "headright system"
400

This decree from the British separated Native land from land for British settlers.

What is the Proclamation of 1763 

400

These codes made people of African decent and all of their children property

What are Slave Codes

500
Known as the "people of the first light", this Algonquin tribe occupied the coastline of what would be come known as Massachusetts for thousands of years prior to the arrival of the English in 1620.
Who are the Wampanoags
500

This rebellion in the southwest was started because the natives there were upset with their Spanish colonizers for restricting their religion. 

What is Pueblo Revolt

500
Puritan leader who's "City on a Hill" sermon in 1630 set the stage for mass colonization of Massachusetts Bay as well as the notion of Puritans (and later Americans) being an "exceptional" people.
Who is John Winthrop
500

This 1643 confederation, formed by New England colonies, was created partly to provide mutual defense against Native American attacks and other threats. 

What is the New England Confederation?

500

The major difference between these two labor systems was that one exploited Native Americans and the other exploited Africans.

What was the encomienda system and slave labor.

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