European Colonization
Which European nation focused primarily on wealth extraction and spreading Christianity in its American colonies?
Spain
What was a primary economic activity in French colonies in North America?
Fur trade
What was the primary reason American Indian groups allied with European powers?
To gain advantages over rival tribes
In New England, power was often centered in what kind of community gatherings?
Participatory town meetings
The first permanent English settlement in North America was:
Jamestown
The encomienda system was designed to do what?
Grant land and labor from Native Americans to Spanish colonists
The economy of the Chesapeake and North Carolina colonies was heavily based on which crop?
Tobacco cultivation
The introduction of European goods into American Indian communities led to what major changes?
Significant cultural and economic changes
The Gullah culture developed as a result of the blending of African traditions and new influences in which region?
The southern colonies
The Virginia House of Burgesses was an early form of what in the colonies?
Representative government
The French and Dutch colonial efforts were characterized by trade alliances and what other practice?
Intermarriage with Native Americans
The primary labor force in the plantation systems of the Chesapeake and the southern Atlantic coast was:
Enslaved Africans
Metacom’s War, also known as King Philip’s War, was primarily fought over what?
Land and resource disputes
The Great Awakening contributed to the spread of which religious movement?
Protestant evangelicalism and revivalism
The Proclamation of 1763 was issued to restrict colonial expansion beyond which geographical feature?
The Appalachian Mountains
Which European nation formed alliances with the Iroquois Confederacy?
Britain
What did the Virginia Slave Codes establish in colonial society?
A legal framework for slavery and racial hierarchy
The spread of diseases like smallpox among Native populations was a consequence of what?
European colonization and contact
The cultural mosaic in the American colonies was influenced by major transatlantic movements like the Great Awakening and what other intellectual movement?
The Enlightenment
Colonial resistance to British mercantilist policies often resulted in what practice by British authorities?
Inconsistent enforcement of these policies
After the Pueblo Revolt, Spanish authorities allowed greater freedom in what area for the Pueblo people?
Religious freedom and cultural practices
The Atlantic economy was characterized by the extensive exchange of goods, labor, and what else?
Cultural practices
The Stono Rebellion of 1739 was one of the largest uprisings in the British colonies involving which group?
Enslaved Africans
The process of Anglicization in the British colonies refers to the alignment with what?
English cultural and political norms
Enlightenment thinkers like John Locke influenced colonial leaders by emphasizing natural rights and what form of government?
Government by consent