Market Revolution
Name one transportation innovation between 1800 and 1848 that lowered shipping costs and connected regional markets
Canals or railroads (also: steamboats)
Give one cause of the War of 1812.
British impressment of sailors, interference with trade, or desire to seize British Canada.
Name one political reform or change associated with Jacksonian democracy
Expanded white male suffrage (removal of property requirements), rise of party campaigning, spoils system
What phrase did people at the time use to refer to slavery?
"Peculiar institution."
Name one characteristic belief of the Second Great Awakening.
Emphasis on individual salvation, emotional revival meetings, and personal moral reform
How did the cotton gin affected the Southern economy and the national market system?
Increased cotton profitability; expanded slavery; integrated Southern cotton into global markets.
Identify the treaty that ended the War of 1812
Treaty of Ghent
What was the Bank War and why did Jackson oppose the Second Bank of the United States?
Jackson vetoed recharter, called Bank corrupt, withdrew federal deposits to "pet banks."
What was the Second Middle Passage?
Forced migration of enslaved people from Upper South to Deep South via domestic slave trade.
Identify two reform movements resulting from the Second Great Awakening
Temperance, abolitionism, women's rights, public education, prison reform
Describe one social effect of early 19th-century factory labor on women and children
Women and children worked long hours in mills (Lowell girls) for wages; created new female wage labor
What was meant by the "Era of Good Feelings," and which president is most associated with it?
National political unity and nationalism after the War of 1812; President James Monroe
What was the Nullification Crisis and who led it?
South Carolina nullified tariff laws; John C. Calhoun
Provide two specific examples of resistance by enslaved people
Underground Railroad, Nat Turner's Rebellion, slowing down work, sabotage, breaking tools, etc
What is abolitionism and who were 2 key abolitionists?
Political movement to end slavery and liberate enslaved people around the world, Frederick Douglass, William Lloyd Garrison, Sojourner Truth, David Walker, Lydia Child, Theodore Weld, Wendell Phillips, Lewis Tappan
How did the Market Revolution change family or work patterns?
goods produced for sale rather than household use; changed family labor (separate spheres) and increased wage labor.
What event put an end to the Era of Good Feelings?
The 'corrupt bargain', election of 1824
Describe one reason critics called Jackson "King Andrew I"
abused veto power, used patronage
What were members of the wealthy elite in Southern Society called and what distinguished them from the rest of the South?
Planter class, people who enslaved more than 20 other people
Describe Transcendentalism’s core idea and name one leading transcendentalist figure.
Belief in inherent goodness of people and nature; Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau, Margaret Fuller, George Ripley, Theodore Parker, Amos Alcott
How did canals and then railroads change where factories could be located and how did that affect urban growth?
Canals allowed factories near waterways; railroads allowed factories away from water, enabling urban/industrial growth inland
What was the Missouri Compromise?
Missouri is admitted to the Union as a slave state and Maine is admitted as a free state, banned slavery in the remaining territory north of latitude 36°30′
What was the decision in Worcester v Georgia and how is it related to the Indian Removal Act?
Supreme Court decided that Georgia removing the Cherokee was unconstitutional, but Jackson refused to enforce decision, leading to Trail of Tears
The moral claim that depriving slaves of liberty was good because slave owners were kind and benevolent, used to try and justify slavery
What was the Seneca Falls Convention and who were 2 women's rights activists at the time?
First woman's rights convention held in the United States, pivotal moment in the early women's suffrage movement, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B Anthony, Sarah Grimke, Catherine Beecher, Antoinette Brown Blackwell, Lucretia Mott, Lucy Stone