Manifest Destiny
This belief held that Americans were destined to expand westward across the continent.
Manifest Destiny
This crop dominated Southern agriculture and increased dependence on enslaved labor.
Cotton
The first shots of the Civil War were fired at this fort in South Carolina.
Fort Sumter
This president is famous for his mishandling of Reconstruction, and the first to be impeached.
These Southern laws restricted the rights of African Americans after the Civil War.
Black Codes
The 1846–1848 war that resulted in the U.S. gaining California and the Southwest.
Mexican-American War
The idea that voters in a territory should decide the slavery question for themselves.
Popular Sovereignty
This 1863 document declared enslaved people free in Confederate-held territory.
Emancipation Proclamation
This amendment granted citizenship and equal protection under the law.
14th Amendment
This organization used violence and intimidation to prevent freed peoples of the south from voting and integrating into society.
Ku Klux Klan
The treaty that ended the Mexican–American War and transferred vast territory to the U.S.
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
This 1854 law repealed the Missouri Compromise and allowed settlers to vote on slavery.
Kansas–Nebraska Act
The Union’s strategy to blockade Southern ports and control the Mississippi River.
Anaconda Plan
The agency aimed to provide education, labor contracts, and aid in reintegration for the African American population of the South.
Freedmen's Bureau
This amendment gave African American men the right to vote.
15th Amendment
This promoted Western expansion by granting 160 acres of free public land to citizens (including freedmen, women, and immigrants) who improved the land over five years for a small fee.
The Homestead Act (1862, signed by Lincoln)
This beating of a U.S. senator symbolized how sectional conflict spilled into Congress.
The caning of Charles Sumner
This seige secured total Union control of the Mississippi River, splitting th Confederacy in two, and fulfilling the Anaconda Plan
Siege/Battle of Vicksburg
This group in Congress pushed for harsher treatment of former Confederate states and stronger protections for freedpeople.
This reconstruction-era practice in the south that often trapped recently freed and poor farmers in a cycle of debt and poverty.
Sharecropping
This federally supported project connected the Atlantic and Pacific coasts, accelerating westward settlement and economic growth.
The Transcontinental Railroad
This Supreme Court decision intensified sectionalism by ruling that Congress could not ban slavery in the territories.
Dredd Scott decision
This Union general would pioneer a new tactic known as "Total War'during his famous "March to the Sea"
This divided the former Confederate states into five military districts under martial law, establishing federal oversight for readmission to the Union.
Military Reconstruction Act of 1867
Deragatory terms for:
1. Northern migrants to the south during the reconstruction era
2: Southerners who supported Reconstruction policies
1. Carpetbaggers
2. Scalawags