U.S. Foreign Policy 1890-1919
The United States practiced _____________ during this period. (Annexing or exerting influence over other nations)
What is Imperialism?
Prior to industrialization, the United States economy was based on what?
What is Agriculture?
The fundamental economic disagreement between Hoover & Roosevelt was what?
Government intervention in the economy
As tensions escalated in Europe throughout the late 1930's, what was the position of the United States in terms of their involvement in the conflict?
Isolationist. Wants no involvement in the European conflict.
This policy, associated with Secretary of State John Hay, aimed to ensure equal trading rights in China while preserving its territorial integrity.
What is Open Door Policy?
Advancements in communication and _____________ enabled for immense growth in the U.S. economy?
What is Transportation?
What was the bonus army?
A group of military veterans who set up shelter in Washington D.C. at the start of the depression to protest Hoover's unwillingness to keep a promise to pay them bonuses due to them after WWI.
The United States only entered WWII because of
The Japanese Attack on Pearl Harbor. (U.S. declared war on Japan, then Germany declared war on the U.S. one day later)
The United States annexed or exerted influence over other nations for what purpose?
What is economic power?
Name one problem that occurred as a result of industrialization?
1. Factories and farms produced more goods than consumers could buy which led to unsold goods and declining profits.
2. Farmers, already struggling after World War I, faced falling crop prices and mounting debt.
Describe Hoovervilles
Tent cities or dilapidated temporary shelters constructed in public areas (usually parks) by those who had become homeless during the depression. These lacked clean water, electricity, heat, etc.
Besides defending the attack on Pearl Harbor, what were some of Roosevelt's arguments for involvement in WWII despite a previous stance of neutrality?
1. Defense of Democracy
2. Threat to U.S. National Security
Despite hesitations to get involved in a European conflict, President Woodrow Wilson advocated American involvement in World War I to protect what?
What is Democracy?
How did credit become an issue during the lead-up to the depression?
People were accumulating too much credit debt, spending money they did not have on things like leisure activities and stocks.
What were bank runs?
Bank runs were when mass groups of people went to withdraw their savings from banks simultaneously after the stock market crash of 1929. Banks ran out of cash causing them to fail.
Why did women play such a key role in the war effort domestically in the United States?
Women were able to fill roles in factories and other occupations previously filled by men who were now fighting in the war. Americans of all genders & ethnicities were involved in this effort.
This 1919 agreement ended World War I and included the controversial League of Nations, which the U.S. ultimately did not join.
What is The Treaty of Versailles?
What factors made the U.S. economy an unstable success from 1919-1933?
1. Overproduction
2. Unequal distribution of wealth
3. Speculation & Stock Market Bubble
4. Weak Banking System
5. Overuse of Credit & Consumer Debt
Name one of the two acts passed under Roosevelt that were declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court during the depression
2. Agricultural Adjustment Act
What was one argument for President Truman authorizing two atomic bombs to be dropped on Japan?
1. Force a quick Japanese surrender
2. Save both American and potentially Japanese lives due to the intense fighting that was occurring and would soon occur.
3. Demonstrate strength and power toward the Soviet Union