The New World
This explorer was credited with discovering the Americas, although he never reached the mainland of what would become the United States.
Who is Christopher Columbus?
This confederation was a powerful alliance of Native American tribes in the northeast US.
What was the Iroquois Confederation?
This system sought to increase national wealth by ensuring a "favorable balance of trade".
What is mercantilism?
The Spanish attempted to convert American Indians to this form of Christianity.
What is Catholicism?
This was the name of the journey across the Atlantic Ocean for enslaved Africans
What was the Middle Passage?
This Spanish system allowed colonists to demand labor from indigenous people in exchange for protection and conversion to Christianity.
What is the encomienda system?
This 1680 rebellion saw native groups rise up against Spanish efforts at religious conversion in the Southwest US.
What was the Pueblo Revolt?
This "cash crop" became the main crop used in Virginia and North Carolina after Indians introduced English settlers to it.
What is tobacco?
These Spanish individuals received their name for their claiming of new land in the New World, although their actions were far from heroic.
What are conquistadores?
This 1739 rebellion in South Carolina was the largest slave uprising in the colonial period, leading to harsher slave codes
What was the Stono Rebellion?
This American Indian empire located in modern day Mexico was conquered by the Spanish under Cortes.
Who were the Aztecs?
This method of farming involves planting corn, beans and squash together to maximize land use and yield.
What is three-sister farming?
This labor intensive crop grown mostly in the Caribbean required massive numbers of enslaved African laborers
What is sugarcane?
The Spanish introduced this in the New World, creating a social hierarchy amongst various groups.
What is the caste system?
Most African slaves arriving across the Atlantic Ocean eventually were settled on plantations here.
What is the British West Indies?
This treaty, signed in 1949, divided the New World between Spain and Portugal.
What was the Treaty of Tordesillas?
This ancient Indian capital may have been the largest city in the New World at the beginning of European colonization
What was Tenochtitlan?
This British policy of only loosely enforcing trade laws allowed Americans to enjoy the benefits of “free trade”
What is salutary neglect?
Spanish priests set up many of these religious outposts in the New World to attempt to convert Natives.
What are missions?
Slaves in the colonies were often called this, signifying their status as property, not humans
What is chattel?
This type of business structure allowed multiple investors to pool resources and share profits and losses to fund expeditions to the new world
What were joint stock companies?
This city created by Mississippian "mound builders" had tens of thousands of inhabitants nearly 1000 years ago.
What was Cahokia?
This British law mandated that the colonies trade only with Britain and only on British ships
What were the Navigation acts?
This Spanish clergyman argued against the abuses of the Spanish in the New World.
Who is Bartolome de las Casas?
European views mixed with Native and African cultures to form combined cultures, often called this.
What are "Creolized" cultures?