Part 1
100. Dar al-Islam: Science & Knowledge
REVIEW CLUE: Muslim scholars in places such as al-Andalus used observation, experience, and reasoning to investigate problems such as disease.
CHECK: How does this show intellectual development in the Islamic world?
It shows the growth of scientific thought and innovation in the Islamic world
100. Song China: Government
REVIEW CLUE: China repeatedly restored the civil service examination system, and successful candidates could become officials serving the state.
CHECK: How did the examination system strengthen Chinese government?
It helped produce educated officials loyal to the state and provided continuity in government.
100. Islamic Political Change
REVIEW CLUE: As Abbasid political authority weakened, new rulers and states gained power in parts of the Islamic world.
CHECK: What type of states became especially important?
Turkic states rose to political power.
100. Mongols & Disease
REVIEW CLUE: Mongol expansion connected Central Asia with China, the Middle East, and eastern Europe.
CHECK: How did those connections contribute to the Black Death?
The movement of people and goods across Mongol-connected routes helped the bubonic plague spread across Eurasia.
Part 6 / 100 A. Identify ONE technological change that made Indian Ocean trade easier from 1200-1450.
(R): One technological change that made the Indian Ocean Trade easier was the (A)compass rose. (C): Based on the sources, the magnetic compass was used for sailors to know which direction they are going in the ocean. (E) This shows, how sailors were able to navigate to their destinations in a more time manageable matter in arriving to the ports on time.
. Europe 1200-1450
REVIEW CLUE: Medieval Europe was divided among many kingdoms and feudal states that often competed with one another.
CHECK: Why could this make a coordinated military response difficult?
Political fragmentation (being broken) made cooperation among rulers difficult.
200. Black Death
REVIEW CLUE: A fourteenth-century epidemic moved through interconnected Afro-Eurasian regions and caused massive mortality.
CHECK: What broad development allowed epidemic disease to spread so widely?
Expanded connections and trade across Afro-Eurasia helped spread epidemic diseases
200. Mongols: Cultural & Technological Transfer
REVIEW CLUE: Mongol rule connected conquered regions and moved skilled people, ideas, and technologies across the empire.
CHECK: What does this suggest about Mongol rule beyond military conquest?
Mongol rule facilitated the adoption and spread of technologies and cultural practices between regions.
200. Americas: Staple Crops
REVIEW CLUE: Mesoamerican societies depended on an important staple crop that supported population growth and civilization.
CHECK: Which crop should you associate most strongly with Mesoamerica?
Maize
Part 5/ 300 Trade + Culture: Give one example of cultural diffusion caused by trade.
The Indian Ocean trade helped spread Islam and supported diasporic (people from other places) merchant communities; Swahili culture also developed through interaction.
300. Islamic World Connections
REVIEW CLUE: A Muslim traveler could move through parts of Africa, the Middle East, and Asia and encounter Muslim communities across a very large region.
CHECK: What larger historical pattern does this demonstrate?
Islam had a unifying influence across widely separated parts of Afro-Eurasia
300. Confucianism
REVIEW CLUE: Confucian teachings assigned expected behaviors and responsibilities to husbands, wives, parents, children, and other family members.
CHECK: What Confucian idea is being demonstrated?
Confucianism emphasized virtues, duties, and hierarchical roles within the family
300. Mongol Political Impact
REVIEW CLUE: Mongol armies conquered major states across Eurasia.
CHECK: Name one major political consequence of Mongol expansion tested on this exam.
Mongol expansion contributed to the collapse of existing states, including the Song dynasty in China.
300. Indian Ocean: China
REVIEW CLUE: In the fifteenth century, one East Asian society sent major maritime expeditions far beyond its own borders.
CHECK: Which society should you connect to extensive Indian Ocean maritime activity?
China, especially through the Ming-era voyages associated with Zheng He.
Part 6/ 200 B. Explain ONE political effect of Indian Ocean trade from 1200-1450.
(R) One political effect of Indian Ocean trade from 1200-1450 was (A) making states wealthier. (C) According to sources, Swahili states in the coast of Africa grew powerful and wealthy because they were located by the ports and benefited in trade through the Indian ocean. They imported slaves, gold, ivory from Africa and then sold them to merchants. (E) This shows that trade made states wealthier, helped states expand influence, or encouraged the growth of trading cities.
400. Indian Ocean: East Africa
REVIEW CLUE: Trade brought African, Arab, and Persian peoples into sustained contact along the East African coast.
CHECK: What important cultural development resulted from this interaction?
Swahili developed as a lingua franca from cultural and linguistic interaction along the East African coast.
400. Indian Ocean Technology
REVIEW CLUE: Merchants crossed large bodies of water carrying people and goods between ports.
CHECK: What category of technology should you look for in a visual of an Indian Ocean sailing vessel?
Transportation and maritime technologies, such as improved ships and navigation tools
400. Mongol Breakup
REVIEW CLUE: The Mongol Empire eventually divided into separate khanates.
CHECK: What internal political problem contributed to this breakup?
Tribal and personal loyalties made lasting centralized dynastic rule difficult and contributed to civil conflict.
400. Pax Mongolica & Trade
REVIEW CLUE: Mongol control made movement across much of Eurasia more organized and secure.
CHECK: What happened to regional trade networks under Mongol control?
Trade tied previously distinct regional networks together and increased exchange across Eurasia.
Part 5/ 400 State Building: Give one example of trade or government strengthening a state
Indian Ocean trade increased the wealth and influence of trading states/cities
In Song China their examination system strengthened government. Competitive examinations for recruiting officials that linked state and society and dominated education
500. Song China: Economy
REVIEW CLUE: Song China experienced agricultural growth, manufacturing, technological innovation, and expanding commerce.
CHECK: Which development would NOT be a necessary explanation for Song China's accumulation of wealth: Indian Ocean participation, agricultural growth, manufacturing, or technological innovation?
Indian Ocean participation is the exception in the exam's tested set; the other three are presented as key factors in Song wealth.
500. Spread of Islam
REVIEW CLUE: Even after the Abbasid Caliphate fragmented politically, Islam continued to expand into new regions.
CHECK: Which group helped spread Islam through teaching and missionary activity?
Sufi missionaries helped spread Islam.
500. Agriculture & Land Use
REVIEW CLUE: From 1200 to 1300, the exam's data show agricultural land decreased in China, India, and the Middle East.
CHECK: What overall trend should you identify from those three regions?
The amount of land devoted to agricultural crops declined in all three regions.
500. China: Mandate of Heaven
REVIEW CLUE: Chinese rulers were expected to govern justly. Natural disasters or disorder could be interpreted as evidence that a dynasty had lost divine approval.
CHECK: What political action could this belief be used to justify?
Rebellion against a ruler or dynasty that was believed to have lost the Mandate of Heaven
Part 6 / 300 C. Explain ONE cultural effect of Indian Ocean trade from 1200-1450.
R) One cultural effect of Indian Ocean trade from 1200-1450 was the spread of (A)religion. (C) For example, Muslim merchants spread Islam as they were in the trade routes. (E) This shows that there was not only trade for goods but also merchants were spreading their belief systems to other merchants as they were trading in the routes.