Empires Expand
THESE were large, multi-ethnic states in Southwest, Central, and South Asia that relied on firearms to conquer and control territories.
Gunpowder Empires
England's Queen Elizabeth and France's King Louis XIV believed in this, a common claim from the Middle Ages that the right to rule was given to a king by God.
divine right of kings
Europe: The sale of these granted a person absolution from the punishments of sin.
indulgences
Name at least 2 examples of architecture which flexed the power of Gunpowder Empires--also state empire they were connected to.
Ottoman Empire--suleymaniye mosque, Topkapi palace, Hagia Sophia
Mughal Empire--Taj Mahal, Red Fort
Safavid Empire--Ali Qapu Palace; Isfahan
Extending into modern-day Turkey as well as to the Balkan areas of Europe and parts of North Africa and Southeast Asia, this was the largest and most enduring of the great Islamic empires of this period.
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman sultans used this selection system to staff their military and their government. This system began in the late 14th century and expanded in the 15th and 16th centuries. Through it, Christian boys who were subjects of the empire were recruited by force to serve in the Ottoman government.
devshirme
Name 2 major protestant sects of Christianity that were formed during the Reformation.
Lutheranism, Calvinism, and Anglicanism
Name at least 2 examples of monumental architecture in China or Europe that flexed their power? Tell us where the architecture is found.
China: Forbidden Palace, Temple of Heaven
Europe: Palace of Versailles (France), Westminster Abbey. Parliament (England)
The elite military of the Ottoman Empire was called this.
the Janissaries
This noble landowning class stood at the top of the social pyramid in Russia. Below them were the merchants. Last and most numerous were the peasants, who would gradually sink more and more deeply into debt and, as a result, into serfdom.
Boyars
The strict Islamic legal system that deals with all aspects of life such as criminal justice, marital laws, and issues of inheritance. Used in the Safavid Empire.
shariah law
The special name given to the ruler in the Ottoman Empire, Safavid Empire, and Russian Empire. (Hint they are all different).
Ottoman - Sultan
Safavid - Shah
Russian - Czar
Overthrew the Yuan Dynasty and managed to stabilize the East Asian region for nearly 300 years.
Ming Dynasty
Ottoman and Russian leaders commonly gave this in exchange for military and government service.
Land grants.
This religion developed from Hinduism and may have been influenced by the Islamic mysticism known as Sufism. It is a monotheistic faith that recognizes the rights of other faiths to exist and became the fifth most popular religion in the world by the 21st century.
Sikhism
This ruler is known for ruling the Ottomans at the peak of their empire. He was known as the "law giver" and was instrumental in creating many pieces of monumental architecture.
Suleiman I (the Magnificent)
Crowned czar in 1547, he immediately set about to expand the Russian border eastward, forcing out the Golden Hoarde. He also established autocratic control by purging the nobles and implementing a secret police.
Ivan IV (the Terrible)
These were royal officials -- bureaucratic elites -- sent out to the provinces of France to execute the orders of the central government. Also used in the later Ottoman Empire.
intendants or tax farmers
This peace agreement that ended the 30 years war that allowed each area of the Holy Roman Empire to choose whether its ruler would be Catholic, Calvinist or Lutheran. As a result, churches and inhabitants were forced to practice the state religion.
Peace of Westphalia
A descendant of Tamerlane, he founded a 300 year dynasty during a time when India was in disarray. He completed conquests in northern India and, under the new Mughal name, formed a central government similar to that of Suleiman in Turkey.
Babur