Technology & Exploration
This innovation in ship design, listed as an illustrative example, enabled Europeans to sail against the wind.
What is the lateen sail?
The Columbian Exchange transferred plants, animals, and this deadly category of organisms to the Americas.
What are diseases?
European states built new overseas empires including these two Catholic Iberian powers.
What are Spain and Portugal?
This form of slavery continued in Africa and involved incorporation of enslaved persons into households.
What is traditional African slavery?
The rise of the castas system in the Americas was linked to this broader process of imperial rule and economic growth.
What is global empire-building?
Name one example of new European ship designs mentioned in Unit 4.
What is a caravel, carrack, or fluyt?
Smallpox and measles caused catastrophic population decline in this hemisphere after 1492.
What is the Western Hemisphere?
Name one Asian state that adopted restrictive or isolationist policies to limit European influence.
What is Ming China or Tokugawa Japan?
The plantation economy increased demand for enslaved labor in this hemisphere.
What is the Western Hemisphere?
Maroon societies in the Caribbean and Brazil emerged through this form of resistance.
What is slave resistance?
State-supported maritime exploration in the 1400s–1700s was primarily motivated by this broader goal of expanding state influence.
What is increasing power through global trade and territory?
Populations in Europe, Africa, and Asia benefitted nutritionally from crops such as potatoes and maize from this region.
What is the Americas?
The Asante and Kongo grew in power by participating in these maritime networks.
What are Atlantic/Indian Ocean trading networks?
This Andean labor system was adapted under Spanish colonial rule.
What is the mit’a?
Religious syncretism and conflict increased as global interactions expanded in the period 1450–1750 according to this key concept.
What is KC-4.1.VI?
Portuguese maritime advancements led to the creation of this type of economic/geographic empire.
What is a trading-post empire?
Cash crops like sugar were grown mainly on these large estates relying on coerced labor.
What are plantations?
European states used these economic policies to control overseas economies and accumulate wealth.
What is mercantilism?
The Atlantic trading system involved the movement of goods, wealth, and labor—including these forced migrants.
Who are enslaved Africans?
The expulsion of Jews from Spain and Portugal contrasted with this empire’s acceptance of Jews.
What is the Ottoman Empire?
Northern Atlantic crossings funded by England, the Netherlands, and France attempted to locate new routes to this region.
What is Asia?
Okra and rice were introduced to the Americas primarily through the forced migration of people from this continent.
What is Africa?
Joint-stock companies helped states finance exploration and compete globally by circulating this.
What is capital (or investment money)?
This precious metal from Spanish America became central to global commerce and Chinese demand.
What is silver?
Demographic changes in Africa resulted largely from this Atlantic phenomenon.
What is the slave trade?