Rationales for Imperialism
a period of scientific and technological development in the 18th century that transformed largely rural, agrarian societies—especially in Europe and North America—into urban ones.
What is Industrialization?
A period marked by rapid colonization and annexation of African territory by European powers. Intense imperial competition driven by economic, political, and social factors.
What is the "Scramble for Africa"
The Japanese political revolution in 1868 that brought about the final demise of the Tokugawa shogunate.
What is the Meiji Restoration?
These technological advancements made it possible for millions of people to move across continents and oceans in search of better opportunities, contributing to the massive waves of migration characteristic of this era.
What are Steamships & Railways?
A period of starvation and disease in Ireland lasting from 1845 to 1852 that constituted a historical social crisis and subsequently had a major impact on Irish society and history as a whole.
What is the Irish Potato Famine?
Refers to the belief that a particular nation or ethnic group has a unique identity and is entitled to self-rule or self-determination.
What is Nationalism?
A significant waterway in Egypt that led to European nations such as Britain and France fighting over control, ultimately leading to the Anglo-Egyptian war in the late 1800's.
What is the Suez Canal?
These two African nations were the only nations to retain their independence from Europeans?
Who are Ethiopia and Liberia?
Conditions that drive people to leave their home country or region and factors that compel individuals to seek better opportunities or safety elsewhere.
What are push and pull factors?
Governor General and scholar-official during the Qing dynasty best known for his role in the First Opium War. Best known for his forceful opposition to the opium trade which became the catalyst for the first Opium War between China and the British Empire.
Who is Lin Zexu?
“survival of the fittest”—the idea that certain people become powerful in society because they are innately better where the theory of evolution by natural selection was used to justify certain political, social, or economic views.
What is Social Darwinism?
The use of economic power to exert control over other countries, regions, or peoples. This can take many forms, including the control of natural resources, the manipulation of trade and investment, and the exploitation of labor and markets.
What is Economic Imperialism?
Movements within the diverse ethnic groups of the Balkan Peninsula seeking independence from foreign rule and recognition of their own national identity during late 19th and early 20th centuries.
What is Balkan Nationalism?
Geographically defined areas within host countries, predominantly inhabited by a single group of people. Usually in urban settings where migrants settle among their compatriots to form a community that mirrors the cultural, social, and economic practices of their homeland.
What are Ethnic Enclaves?
A Scottish missionary, doctor, abolitionist, and explorer who lived in the 1800s who sought to bring Christianity, commerce, and “civilization” to Africa.
Who is Dr. David Livingstone?
The idea that white Americans were divinely ordained to settle the entire continent of North America.
What is Manifest Destiny?
a significant diplomatic event organized by Otto von Bismarck. Major European powers, including the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Belgium, Spain, Portugal, and Italy, were present, but no African rulers or representatives were invited.
What is the Berlin Conference?
An African Muslim reformer, military leader, and the founder of the Wassoulou Empire. Known as a brutal yet gifted commander who led his people in strong resistance to French expansionism in West Africa in the 1880s.
Who is Samory Tourè?
Formally, Immigration Act of 1882, was a U.S. federal law that was the first and only major federal legislation to explicitly suspend immigration for a specific nationality.
What is the Chinese Exclusion Act?
A system of governance used by imperial powers to control parts of their empires, particularly used by colonial empires to control their possessions through pre-existing indigenous power structures.
What is Indirect Control?
A diplomatic term used to describe the region over which an external group has power or authority in a foreign territory.
What is Sphere of Influence?
A colonizing country sends a significant number of its nationals to inhabit the land and maintain political control over it. An example would be "French Algeria"
What is a "Settler Colony?"
What is the Ghost Dance?
A form of labor in which a person is contracted to work without salary for a specific number of years. May be entered voluntarily for debt repayment, or imposed involuntarily as punishment.
What is Indentured Servitude?
Large groups of people who may share a national or regional origin, but for a variety of reasons, are living outside of this traditional homeland.
What are Diasporic Communities?