Cell Biology
Why are electron microscopes better than light microscopes?
Higher resolution
Higher magnification
where is bile produced?
Liver
What are the smallest blood vessels in the body?
Capillaries
Give 1 risk factor for CHD
Excessive alcohol consumption, poor diet, lack of exercise, smoking, high cholesterol, high blood pressure
What are the functions of Xylem and Phloem?
Xylem transport water from roots to leaves
Phloem transports nutrients and sugars
What three organelles are only found in plant cells?
Chloroplast
Vacuole
Cell wall
What does amylase do?
Breaks down starch in to glucose
What are the adaptations of alveoli (any exchange surface)
Highly folded which provides a large surface area
Thin walls (one cell thick)
Good blood supply
What is cancer?
The uncontrolled division of cells
where are the stomata usually found on the leaf?
On the bottom to reduce evaporation of water
What is the difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells
Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus
What are villi and what do they do?
Finger like projections on small intestine, large surface area to increase rate of absorption
Structure and function of a red blood cell
Biconcave - larger surface area
No nucleus
Transports oxygen
what can be used to treat bacterial diseases?
Antibiotics
What is the name of the green pigment in the chlorplast?
Chlorophyll
what is the function of the ribosome?
Site of protein synthesis
Which model is used to describe enzyme action?
Lock and key
what are the bottom chambers of the heart called?
Ventricles
What are the four main types of pathogen?
Virus, protist, fungi, bacteria
Where does photosynthesis occur?
Chloroplast
What are the differences between diffusion, osmosis and active transport?
Diffusion movement of particles from high concentration to low concentration
Osmosis movement of water from high to low concentration
Active transport against a concentration gradient using energy
What are the tests for
Starch
Sugar
Protein
Lipids
Starch - Iodine (orange to blue/black)
Sugar - Benendicts + Heat (blue to brick red)
Protein - Biuret (blue to purple)
Lipids - Ethanol + water (clear to cloudy emulsion)
How is the left side of the heart different to the right and why?
Left side has thicker walls to pump blood around the body at a high pressure
Why can't you use antibiotics to treat the flu?
Only effective for bacterial infections
What is the word equation for photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide + water -> Glucose + oxygen