Organisation
What is the correct order of organisation in a multicellular organism, starting with the smallest level?
Cell → Tissue → Organ → Organ System → Organism
What is the substance that an enzyme acts on called?
Substrate
What is the word equation for photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen
This metabolic condition is characterized by the body cells no longer responding properly to insulin, often linked to diet and lifestyle factors.
Type 2 Diabetes
Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of male and female gametes, which are produced by this type of cell division to halve the chromosome number.
Meiosis
A group of similar cells working together to carry out a particular function is called what?
A tissue
Why does increasing temperature usually increase the rate of an enzyme-controlled reaction?
Particles collide more frequently
Which organelle in plant cells is the site of photosynthesis?
Chloroplasts
Released by the pancreas when blood glucose levels are too high, this hormone causes glucose to move from the blood into liver and muscle cells.
Insulin
This is the scientific term for a random, permanent change in the sequence of DNA bases, which can sometimes result in a new phenotype.
Mutation
Into which chamber of the heart does deoxygenated blood return to from the body?
Right atrium
What happens to an enzyme when it is heated above its optimum temperature?
It becomes denatured and the active site changes shape.
Name two factors that can limit the rate of photosynthesis.
This small gland at the base of the brain is often called the "master gland" because it secretes several hormones that control other glands.
Pituitary gland
How many chromosomes do human haploid cells contain?
23
Name two tissues found in the stomach and describe one function of each.
What are the products when amylase digests starch?
Glucose (simple sugars)
What are the products of anaerobic respiration in animals?
Lactic acid
During the menstrual cycle, this hormone is produced by the ovaries, causes the lining of the uterus to thicken, and inhibits the release of FSH.
Oestrogen
If two parents have cystic fibrosis, what is the percentage chance their children will also have the condition?
100%
Name 2 adaptations of the alveoli to increase gas exchange.
Rich blood supply
Thin walls
Large surface area
Name two places in the body where amylase is produced.
Salivary glands
Pancreas
Small intestine
What are the products of fermentation?
Ethanol (alcohol) and carbon dioxide.
In the control of metabolic rate via negative feedback, when blood thyroxine levels are low, the pituitary gland releases this specific hormone to stimulate the thyroid.
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
In a cross between two heterozygous parents, what percentage of the offspring are expected to show the dominant phenotype?
75%