1. Human Body
Which of the following is a function of the skeletal system during exercise?
A) Protects internal organs
B) Stores oxygen for muscles
C) Transports nutrients to tissues
D) Regulates body temperature
1 mark for selecting A) Protects internal organs.
Which type of joint allows movement in one plane only?
A) Ball-and-socket joint
B) Hinge joint
1 mark for selecting B) Hinge joint
Which of the following is an example of a physical training method used to improve muscular strength?
A) Circuit training
B) Fartlek training
C) Weight training
D) Continuous training
1 mark for selecting C) Weight training.
Which of the following is an example of intrinsic motivation?
A) Winning a trophy
B) Getting praise from a coach
C) The personal satisfaction of achieving a goal
D) Competing in a major competition
1 mark for selecting C) The personal satisfaction of achieving a goal.
Which of the following is a characteristic of a professional sport?
A) It is played for fun and enjoyment
B) Athletes are paid to participate
C) There are no official rules
D) It is only played in schools
1 mark for selecting B) Athletes are paid to participate.
What is the primary function of red blood cells?
1 mark for correctly stating that red blood cells transport oxygen and carbon dioxide.
What is the role of ligaments in the body?
1 mark for stating that ligaments connect bones to bones.
OR
1 mark for explaining their role in stabilizing joints by preventing excessive movement.
What is the difference between muscular strength and muscular endurance?
1 mark Strength is maximum force in a single contraction, endurance is the ability to sustain repeated contractions over a period of time.
What is the definition of "arousal" in sports psychology?
1 mark for defining arousal as the level of mental and physical alertness or excitement.
What is the role of a national governing body (NGB) in sport?
1 mark for stating that an NGB oversees the development and regulation of the sport.
Describe the role of the diaphragm in the process of breathing.
1 mark for explaining the contraction and downward movement of the diaphragm during inhalation.
1 mark for explaining the relaxation and upward movement of the diaphragm during exhalation.
Describe the difference between an isotonic and an isometric contraction.
1 mark for describing that isotonic contractions involve a change in muscle length.
1 mark for describing that isometric contractions involve no change in muscle length.
Explain the principle of progression in relation to a fitness training program.
1 mark for explaining that progression involves gradual increases in exercise intensity, duration, or frequency.
1 mark for explaining how this principle helps the body adapt and improve fitness.
Explain the difference between "cognitive" and "somatic" anxiety.
1 mark for explaining cognitive anxiety as the mental symptoms (e.g., negative thoughts, worry).
1 mark for explaining somatic anxiety as the physical symptoms (e.g., sweating, shaking).
Describe two factors that can influence participation in sport.
1 mark for describing first factor.
1 mark for describing second factor.
Explain how the skeletal system supports movement during physical activity.
1 mark for stating that bones provide structure and support.
1 mark for explaining the role of muscles (attached via tendons) in creating movement.
1 mark for mentioning the function of joints in facilitating movement and/or the storage of minerals.
Explain the role of the agonist and antagonist muscles during a bicep curl, and identify the type of contraction during the downward phase.
1 mark for correctly identifying the agonist as the biceps brachii.
1 mark for correctly identifying the antagonist as the triceps brachii.
Explain the FITT principle and how it can be applied in designing a fitness program.
1 mark for explaining Frequency (how often you exercise).
1 mark for explaining Intensity (how hard you work during exercise).
1 mark for explaining Time (how long each session lasts) and Type (the type of exercise).
Explain how the concept of "goal setting" can be used to improve an athlete's performance.
1 mark for explaining how goal setting increases motivation and focus.
1 mark for describing the SMART criteria for effective goal setting.
1 mark for explaining the role of short-term and long-term goals in providing direction and managing stress.
Explain how the media can influence participation in sport, both positively and negatively.
1 mark for explaining the positive influence of media on participation.
1 mark for explaining the negative influence of media on participation.
1 mark for providing examples of media influence.
Explain how the cardiovascular system supports the body during exercise.
1 mark for explaining how the cardiovascular system delivers oxygen and nutrients to muscles.
1 mark for describing how the heart rate and stroke volume increase during exercise.
1 mark for explaining vasodilation in muscles and reduced blood flow to non-essential areas.
1 mark for mentioning the increase in blood pressure to support circulation.
Explain how the lever system works in the body and give an example of a first-class, second-class, and third-class lever in human movement.
1 mark for explaining the general principle of a lever system (rigid bar, pivot point, effort force, load).
1 mark for describing the first-class lever with an example (e.g., neck during nodding).
1 mark for describing the second-class lever with an example (e.g., standing on tiptoes).
1 mark for describing the third-class lever with an example (e.g., bicep curl).
Explain the differences between aerobic and anaerobic exercise and give an example of each.
1 mark for correctly describing aerobic exercise (requires oxygen, long duration, improves cardiovascular endurance).
1 mark for providing an example of aerobic exercise (e.g., running, swimming, cycling).
1 mark for correctly describing anaerobic exercise (does not require oxygen, short and intense, improves strength/power).
1 mark for providing an example of anaerobic exercise (e.g., sprinting, weightlifting).
Describe the difference between "visualization" and "self-talk" as techniques to improve sports performance.
1 mark for describing visualization as imagining successful performance using senses.
1 mark for explaining how visualization increases confidence and focus.
1 mark for describing self-talk as using positive statements or affirmations.
1 mark for explaining how self-talk helps with focus, anxiety reduction, or maintaining motivation.
Describe the impact of commercialization on sport, including both positive and negative effects.
1 mark for explaining the positive impact of commercialization, such as financial support and increased visibility.
1 mark for describing the positive impact on athletes, such as lucrative contracts.
1 mark for explaining the negative impact, such as pressure on athletes and the focus on financial gain.
1 mark for describing the inequality and potential prioritization of profit over athlete welfare.