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Extra
1

2x + y = 7
4x - y = 11

x = 3, y = 1

1

Identify the literary device:
“The silence screamed through the empty room.”

Oxymoron

1

Explain the system of checks and balances with one example.

It prevents one branch from becoming too powerful; for example, the president can veto laws passed by Congress.

1

What does increasing temperature do to chemical reactions?

Increase the rate of reaction

1

What trade-off might an engineer face when designing a bridge?

Balancing cost, strength, safety, and materials.

2

2x^2 - 8x + 6 = 0

x = 1, 3

2

Which sentence correctly uses a semicolon?
a) I studied hard; because I wanted to pass.
b) I studied hard; I wanted to pass the exam.
c) I studied hard; and I wanted to pass.

B

2

What was a major weakness of the Articles of Confederation?

The federal government could not tax states directly.

2

What role does DNA play in protein synthesis?

DNA provides the genetic instructions used to assemble proteins.

2

How does regular aerobic exercise improve cardiovascular health?

It strengthens the heart and improves blood circulation and oxygen delivery.

3

A circle has equation (x - 3)^2 + (y + 2)^2 = 25.
What are its center and radius?

Center: (3,−2), Radius: 5

3

What is dramatic irony?

When the audience knows something the characters do not.

3

How did the Industrial Revolution change the American workforce?

It shifted labor from agriculture to factory-based jobs and increased urbanization.

3

What is Newton’s Third Law?

For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction

3

What is the difference between RAM and long-term storage?

RAM is temporary and volatile; long-term storage is permanent and non-volatile.

4

log2(16) + log2(4)

6

4

Who wrote "To Kill a Mockingbird"?

Harper Lee

4

Which case established judicial review?

Marbury v. Madison (1803).

4

What happens to enzymes when temperature exceeds their optimum range?

They denature and lose their shape, reducing function.

4

Why is redundancy important in systems like airplanes or hospitals?

It ensures safety and function if one component fails.

5

If a right triangle has legs 9 and 12, find the length of the hypotenuse.

15

5

What is the primary purpose of an argumentative essay?

To persuade the reader by using evidence and reasoning.

5

Explain opportunity cost with an example.

The value of the next best alternative given up, e.g., choosing work over studying means losing study time.

5

Why do seasons occur on Earth?

Due to the tilt of Earth’s axis, which changes the angle and intensity of sunlight.

5

How does vaccination protect both individuals and communities?

It builds immunity and contributes to herd protection, slowing disease spread.

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