Rhetorical appeals (logos, pathos, and ethos)
Miscellaneous
Evidence
Writing to persuade
Evaluating arguments and credibility
100
An appeal emotion, often using anecdotes and loaded language. Example: Images of starving children, to the accompaniment of somber music, on a commercial asking for donations.
What is pathos?
100
Faulty reasoning or mistakes in logical thinking.
What is a logical fallacy (or fallacious reasoning)?
100
Information that can be proven true, often in the form of statistics or numerical information.
What are facts?
100
What, generally, is the difference between persuasive and argumentative writing?
Persuasive writing often presents one view (and is intended to persuade), while argumentative writing presents both sides of an argument.
100
This is a list of the writer's sources.
What is the works cited page?
200
This rhetorical appeal relies on logic, reason, and evidence to persuade.
What is logos?
200
Politicians often make this type of appeal when they are trying to build up their credibility and respectability.
What is ethos?
200
Examples from scientific studies.
What are case studies?
200
Before writing a persuasive essay, you must first consider: 1. Your opinion 2. Your audience 3. Which rhetorical appeals to use 4. Your evidence
2. Your audience
200
In-text citations are contained within this punctuation mark.
What are parentheses?
300
As an example of this appeal, someone might say, "In my many years of experience as an athlete, I can say with confidence that there is nothing more soothing to tired muscles than the Icy-Hot patch."
What is ethos?
300
Using labels to attack a person who hold an opposing view, instead of giving reasons or evidence to attack the opposing view itself.
What is name-calling (or an ad-hominem attack)?
300
An explanation or evidence, also called "reasoning" or "rationale."
What is a warrant?
300
What is a common way to structure an argument? (How should the paragraphs be ordered?)
Either by order of importance (most important to least important, or vice versa), or claim-counterclaim, claim-counterclaim, etc.
300
A quote from a trusted authority is called this.
What is an expert opinion?
400
An example of this rhetorical appeal is as follows: "Our new reading program has improved scores on the reading portion of the ACT by, on average, four points. Approximately 95 percent of students benefitted from the program. We predict, based on our figures, that, within five years, our school will be ranked among the top 20 percent in the state on the reading portion of the exam. This program, therefore, has been a massive success."
What is logos?
400
The believability of a writer or speaker and/or his or her argument
What is credibility?
400
Brief, personal stories used to illustrate a point, often used in "pathos" arguments.
What are anecdotes?
400
Name the three primary components of an introductory paragraph.
Hook, background information, thesis.
400
True or False: Your personal feelings toward the author or speaker are important when considering his or her credibility.
False.
500
The following is an example of this rhetorical appeal: "Let us not forget that our brothers and sisters in the Middle East--humble, pious men and women, and little children--are being slaughtered daily. A priest, in prayer, was murdered in cold blood in the middle of his church. A child, asleep, was taken from her bed and executed in the street. We cannot let these atrocities stand; we must do everything in our power to oppose the forces of evil. We must pray, and if necessary, we must fight."
What is pathos?
500
A broad, general statement or conclusion that is made without sufficient evidence to back it up, often made on the basis of one or two observations or experiences.
What is a hasty generalization (or stereotype)?
500
Comparisons that show the similarities between two otherwise unrelated facts or ideas--based on the assumption that if two things are related in some respects, they are probably related in other respects. Example: Earth has an atmosphere and oxygen, and supports life. Europa, too, has an atmosphere an oxygen, so we can infer that it can support life.
What is an analogy?
500
When the author's purpose is to get the reader to do something, such as buy a product or vote for a candidate, this is called...
A call to action.
500
Credible evidence should be ________, _________, and _______.
Relevant, comprehensive (or sufficient), and accurate
M
e
n
u