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100
The thin and solid outermost layer of the earth above the mantel.
What is crust?
100
The layer of rock between the earth’s crust and core.
What is mantle?
100
The central part of the earth below the mantel.
What is core?
100
The solid outer layer of the earth that consists of the rigid upper part of the mantel.
What is lithosphere?
100
The soft layer of the mantel on which the tectonic plates move.
What is asthenosphere?
200
mesosphere
What is the strong lower part of the mantel between the asthenosphere and the outer core?
200
tectonic plate
What is a block of lithosphere that consists of the crust and the rigid outermost part of the mantel?
200
continental drift
What is the hypothesis that states that the continents once formed a single landmass broke up and drifted to their present location
200
seafloor spreading
What is the process by which new oceanic lithosphere forms as magma rises toward the surface and solidifies.
200
plate tectonics
What is the theory that explains large pieces of outermost layer, called tectonic plates, move and change shapes.
300
The boundary formed by the collision of two lithospheric plates
What is convergent boundary
300
The boundary between two tectonic plates that are moving away from each other.
What is divergent boundary
300
The boundary between tectonic plates that are sliding past each other horizontally.
What is transform boundary
300
The stress that when forces act to squeeze an object
What is compression
300
Stress that occurs when forces act to stress an object
What is tension
400
folding
What is the bending of rock layers due to stress
400
fault
What is a breaking in a body of rock along which one block slides relative to another
400
seismology
What is the study of earthquakes
400
seismic wave
What is a wave of energy that travels through the earth and away from an earthquake in all directions
400
epicenter
What is the point on earth's surface directly above an earthquake's starting point or focus.
500
a vent or fissure in the earth's surface through which magma and gasses are expelled
What is a volcano
500
The body of molten rock that feeds a volcano
What is magma chamber
500
A large, semicircular depression that forms when the magma chamber below a volcano partially empties and causes the ground above to sink
What is caldera
500
A wide flat landform that results from repeated nonexplosive eruptions of lava that spread over a large area.
What is lava plateau
500
An area of deep cracks that form between two tectonic plates that are pulled away from each other.
What is rift zone
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