BIOCHEM
What is name of the reaction that changes the configuration of the anomeric carbon from alpha to beta or vice versa?
What is mutarotation?
The cell bodies of sensory neurons belonging to the ascending tract are found where?
What is the dorsal root ganglia?
A lack of speech comprehension is called what?
What is Wernike's aphasia?
According to the continuity equation, when a fluid flows through a narrow passage, what happens to its speed?
What is increase?
After a reaction took place under isochoric conditions, the pressure within an isolated system changed from 10 atm to 20 atm. What is the final temperature within the system if the initial temperature was 100K?
What is 200K?
This question utilizes Gay-Lussac's equation where P1/T1=P2/T2
Santa Ono has a rare mutation that causes his DNA to code for the green fluorescent protein found in jellyfish, thus making him glow green. A partial sequence of the gene found that 15% of the sequence is made up of guanosine. What percentage of the gene is made up of Thymine?
What is 35%?
If 15% of the DNA is G, 15% of the DNA is also C due to Chargaff's rule. 30% is accounted for so far, which means that 70% of the bases unaccounted for is split between adenine and thymine. 70/2=35%
During a routine checkup, doctors typically use a clinical hammer to tap on tendons to check on nerve reflexes. What reflex would a doctor be checking for if they use the hammer on the knee and what tendon do they need to tap?
Bonus: for 50pts, what tendon do they need to tap?
What is the knee-jerk reflex?
Bonus: the patellar tendon
What is Piaget's second stage of cognitive development and what ages are associated with this stage?
What is preoperational and 2-6/7 years old (approx.)?
The index of refraction for a material is 3. What is the approximate velocity of light (in m/s) as it propagates through this material?
What is 1x108 m/s?
Fun fact: Diamonds have an index of refraction of 2.42
On an H-NMR, 2-hydroxybutanal would have how many peaks belonging to its alpha hydrogen.
(Hint: the alpha carbon is C2)
What is three?
This molecule is an example of a triplet because it has two adjacent hydrogens at the beta carbon
In a parallel universe, tumor cells can be thousands of times smaller than a normal cell and still have devastating effects on the body. In this parallel universe, Ice Spice has a tumor found within her cells. The tumor secretes an excessive amount of citrate into the cytoplasm that inhibits what glycolytic enzyme?
What is Phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1)?
In the duodenum, there are many brush border enzymes that digest disaccharides into monosaccharides. One of these disaccharidases is called lactase. What are the two monosaccharide products formed once lactose is digested by lactase?
What is glucose and galactose?
Fun fact: a deficiency or a lack of lactase along the GI tract causes some individuals to have lactose intolerance, where they cannot digest lactose into its respective monosaccharides. This allows the lactose to travel further down the GI tract until it gets digested by the gut microbiota via bacterial fermentation. A common byproduct of lactose digestion by these bacterial cells is the production of CH4 and H2 gas, which is why people with lactose intolerance who ingest lactose experience bloating and fart a lot. The fermentation process also produces small organic acids that attract water, causing diarrhea.
Noam Chomsky thought that humans had a (blank) that allowed them to learn language.
What is a Language Acquisition Device (LAD)?
What is the sound level (in dB) of a Taylor Swift concert if the produced sound wave has an intensity of 1 W/m2?
What is 120 dB?
A seventh order reaction has three reactants: A, B, and C. When [A] was doubled while keeping [B] and [C] constant, the reaction rate quadrupled. When [B] was doubled while keeping [A] and [C] constant, the reaction rate doubled. If [C] is double while keeping [A] and [B] constant, what will happen to the reaction rate (if anything)?
What is an increase of the reaction rate by a factor of 16?
Reactant A is second order and reactant B is first order. 2+1=3 so we have 3 orders accounted for. The overall reaction is seventh order so 7-3=4 orders unaccounted for that belongs to reactant C. Because reactant C is 4th order if its concentration were to double, the overall reaction would increase by a factor of 16. 24=2x2x2x2=16
Found on the inner mitochondrial membrane, Complex II is involved in both the electron transport chain and the citric acid cycle. What reaction of the citric acid cycle is catalyzed by complex II?
(I'm looking for a reactant and a product)
What is the conversion of succinate to fumarate?
The ability of a cell to detect chemical stimuli and move toward or away from them is called what?
What are chemotaxis?
Fun fact: this is how neutrophils detect and follow bacteria
What are the 6 main universal emotions?
Bonus: for 50pts, who founded the universal emotions?
What is happiness, sadness, surprise, fear, anger, and disgust?
Bonus: Paul Ekman
A shark experiences 12.434 atm of pressure some distance under sea level. What is the approximate increase in pressure if the shark were to dive 40 meters below his current position?
What is 16.434 atm?
For every 1 meter increase in water depth, there is approximately a 1 atm increase in pressure
H2 + 1/2O2 --> H2O. What is the delta Ho for the reaction if the bond enthalpy for O=O is 500 kJ/mol, H-H is 400 kJ/mol and O-H is 450 kJ/mol?
(include +/- sign)
What is -250 kJ/mol?
After being destroyed in a rap battle by Kendrick Lamar, Drake decided violence was the only option and shot Kendrick Lamar in the chest. Unfortunately for Kendrick, the bullet pierced the left side of his chest and punctured a hole in the parietal pleura, making it difficult for him to breath. What will happen to the pH of his blood following the gunshot wound?
Bonus: for 100pts, what pressure is immediately equalized with the atmospheric pressure after he got shot?
What is it will decrease?
The difficulty in breathing causes CO2 to build up. This causes a right shift of the bicarbonate buffer system according to LeChatlier's principle, producing more H+ in the blood and lowering pH. It is true that HCO3- is also produced when the equilibrium shifts to the right; however, this value is negligible because the [HCO3-] in the blood is much greater than the [H+].
Bonus: Transpulmonary pressure
The adrenal cortex and the adrenal medulla are derived from what two primary germ layers respectively?
What is the mesoderm and the ectoderm?
What type of stressor negatively impacts us without us needing to be aware of it?
What are ambient stressors?
The other types of stressors or significant life changes, catastrophic events, and daily hassles
The elevator in Grey's Anatomy (you know the one) is equally held up by 5 ropes. If Derrick and Meredith are both standing in the elevator that weighs 870 kg and are traveling at a constant velocity, what is the tension on each rope?
The combined mass of Merideth and Derrick is 130 kg
What is 2,500 N?
130+870=1,000 kg --> 1,000*10=10,000 N -->
10,000/5=2,500 N
A constant velocity means that the acceleration is 0 and is experiencing no net force.
Fun fact: 130 kg is their actual combined mass
In a world far, far away, there exists a planet with two suns, a moon made of cheese, and an R value of 10 (L*atm)/(mol*K). An isolated box on this planet is filled with gas and has an internal temperature of 20 K, and a pressure of 40 atm. How many moles of gas are in the box if the dimensions of the box are all 10 cm?
What is 0.2 mols?