Interpretation
What imbalance am I?
Treatment
Compensation
Signs and Symptoms
100
pH of 7.48, PCO2 30, HCO3?
What is Respiratory Alkalosis
100
I occur when patients hypoventilate.
What is Respiratory Acidosis
100
What is the treatment for a patient who is anxious, hyperventilating, and in respiratory alkalosis?
Decrease respirations, sedatives, correct hypoxemia
100
This occurs when the pH is normal and both the PaCO2 and the HCO3 are abnormal
What is FULL compensation
100
Which acid-base imbalance causes CNS depression? Acidosis or Alkalosis?
Acidosis
200
Which of the following ABGs would the nurse expect to see when a patient has apnea and develops acidosis? A. pH 7.42 PCO2 48 HCO3 25 B. pH 7.29 PCO2 62 HCO3 23 C. pH 7.36 PCO2 42 HCO3 26 D. pH 7.49 PCO2 30 HCO3 35
B apnea and hypoventilation result in rising CO2 levels which lead to acidosis. The ABG would likely reflect respiratory acidosis without compensation as reflected by a pH <7.35 an elevated PCO2 and an HCO3 WNL.
200
What imbalane do you suspect if your client complains of tinnitus and parasthesias?
Respiratory Alkalosis
200
What is the treatment for a patient in Metabolic Alkalosis?
Treat the underlying cause
200
What is 7.35?
Compensated
200
What is muscle twitching, flushed skin, and palpitations?
Respiratory Acidosis
300
pH of 7.42, PCO2 of 36, HCO3 of 29
What is Metabolic Alkalosis
300
The typical treatment for me is IV Fluids, Dialysis, and Antibiotics.
Metabolic Acidosis
300
What is the treatment for a patient who is in severe renal failure and metabolic acidosis?
Diaylsis
300
What is 7.44?
Compensated
300
The nurse would suspect that a patient who frequently uses which medication is at risk for developing metabolic alkalosis?
Calcium carbonate (Tums) Overdoses of ASA can lead to respiratory alkalosis and eventually can lead to metabolic alkalosis.
400
Respiratory Alkalosis pH of 7.43, PCO2 of 25, and HCO3 of 22
What is Respiratory Alkalosis
400
Your patient is demonstrating Kussmauls respirations, which imbalance do you suspect?
Metabolic Acidosis
400
What are the treatments for a patient who has overdosed on narcotics and is in respiratory acidosis?
Reversal of narcotics and improve ventilation
400
A patients ABGs are: pH 7.36, PCO2 50, HCO3 28. What do these results indicate to the nurse?
Compensated respiratory acidosis pH is WNL so the blood gas is either normal or compensated. However the PCO2 is ^ thus the ABGs cannot be normal. The HCO3 is elevated which along with a normal pH indicates complete compensation.
400
A patient is admitted to the hospital. ABGs are: pH 7.50, PCO2 40, HCO3 29. Which question should the nurse as the client to help determine an etiology for these results? A. "Have you had diarrhea lately?" B. "Do you have a history of COPD?" C. "How long have you had nausea and vomiting?" D. "Do you smoke?"
C ABG reflects ^pH, PCO2 WNL, and ^HCO3. Vomiting is a common cause of this condition. Diarrhea is associate with metabolic acidosis. COPD is associated with respiratory acidosis. Smoking can be associated with respiratory acidosis if it leads to a respiratory disease.
500
Which set of arterial blood gas (ABG) results requires further investigation? A) pH 7.38, partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2) 36 mm Hg, partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) 95 mm Hg, bicarbonate (HCO3–) 24 mEq/L B) pH 7.49, PaCO2 30 mm Hg, PaO2 89 mm Hg, and HCO3– 18 mEq/L C) pH 7.44, PaCO2 43 mm Hg, PaO2 99 mm Hg, and HCO3– 26 mEq/L D) pH 7.35, PaCO2 40 mm Hg, PaO2 91 mm Hg, and HCO3– 22 mEq/L
B Explanation: The ABG results pH 7.49, PaCO2 30 mm Hg, PaO2 89 mm Hg, and HCO3– 18 mEq/L indicate respiratory alkalosis. The pH level is increased, and the HCO3– and PaCO2 levels are decreased. Normal values are pH 7.35 to 7.45; PaCO2 35 to 45 mm Hg; HCO3– 22 to 26 mEq/L
500
What ABG imbalance is the nurse at risk for when being suctioned?
Metabolic Alkalosis
500
What is the priority nursing intervention for a patient with COPD and ABG's of pH 7.38, PCO2 of 66, HCO3 of 34?
Rest and pursed lip breathing
500
A patient is admitted to the hospital with an acid-base imbalance. ABGs are: pH 7.33, PCO2 49, HCO3 28. How would the nurse interpret these results?
Partially compensated respiratory acidosis. Ph is low, PCO2 is elevated, and the HCO3 is elevated, indicating that compensatory mechanisms are partially working. The change in the PCO2 level is greater than the change in the HCO3 level, which indicates respiratory disturbance.
500
What causes CNS depression, Cardiac Dysrhythmias, Electrolyte abnormalities, Flushed skin, Nausea, and Changes in vital signs?
Metabolic Acidosis
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