Normal Values
The normal range for pH
What is 7.35-7.45
Most gas inhaled during normal breathing enters what area of the lung?
What is the bases
This system is responsible for compensation during a chronic respiratory acidosis
What is the renal system
The following ABG is:
pH: 7.41
PaCO2: 39 mm Hg
PaO2: 91 mm Hg
HCO3: 23 mm Hg
Normal ABG
The most common cause of chronic respiratory acidosis
What is COPD
The normal range for PaCO2
What is 35-45 mm Hg
The volume of blood ejected by the heart each minute is called
What is the cardiac minute output
True or false: minute ventilation is a reliable index of adequate ventilation
What is false
The following ABG is:
pH: 7.54
PaCO2: 30 mm Hg
PaO2: 44 mm Hg
HCO3: 23 mm Hg
Uncompensated respiratory alkalosis with severe hypoxemia
A patient experiencing extreme vomiting for over 24 hours, could cause this acid-base imbalance
What is metabolic alkalosis
The PaO2 range for moderate hypoxemia
What is 45-59 mm Hg
The minute to minute control of ventilation is mediated via
What is the PaCO2
This organ is responsible for majority of acid excretion
What is the lungs
The following ABG is:
pH: 7.37
PaCO2: 76 mm Hg
PaO2: 65 mm Hg
HCO3: 40 mm Hg
Fully compensated respiratory acidosis with moderate hypoxemia
The single most common and important cause of hyperventilation and respiratory alkalosis
What is hypoxemia
The normal range for BE
What is 0 mEq/L (+) or (-) 2
The single most common cause of abnormal distribution of ventilation
What is secretions
The amount of CO2 entering the blood depends on
What is the metabolic rate
The following ABG is:
pH: 7.36
PaCO2: 30 mm Hg
PaO2: 84 mm Hg
HCO3: 20 mm Hg
Fully compensated metabolic acidosis with normal oxygenation
These two major organs are capable of losing base from the body.
What is the kidney's and the intestines
When the PaO2 is 60 mm Hg the SaO2 typically is
What is 90% saturated
Normal anatomic deadspace is (mL)
What is roughly 150 mL
This type of acid is capable of being converted into a gaseous form and excreted via the lungs
What is volatile acids
The following ABG is:
pH: 7.49
PaCO2: 48 mm Hg
PaO2: 74 mm Hg
HCO3: 28 mm Hg
Partially compensated metabolic alkalosis with mild hypoxemia
In the absence of O2, carbohydrate metabolism produces an accumulation of this type of acid
BONUS: Give an example of when this scenario might occur.
What is lactic acid
BONUS: What is an acute MI
The normal value for mixed venous blood PvO2
What is 40 mm Hg
Normal anatomic shunt at the AC membrane is approximately
What is 5%
State two major acid-base functions of the kidney.
What is excretion of fixed acids and regulation of blood [HCO3]
The following ABG is:
pH: 7.12
PaCO2: 64 mm Hg
PaO2: 59 mm Hg
HCO3: 28 mm Hg
Uncompensated Respiratory Acidosis with moderate hypoxemia
Uncontrolled diabetes can lead to this disorder
What is metabolic acidosis or diabetic ketoacidosis
The normal level of hemoglobin range in men and women
What is 13-15 g/dL (g/100 mL)
Normal O2 equilibration time with a normal AC membrane
What is 0.25 seconds
Most of the HCO3 transporting CO2 from the tissues to the lungs originates in
What is the erythrocytes
To determine whether or not a blood gas is completely compensated, one must evaluate
What is the pH
Salicylate intoxication will lead to this acid base disturbance in adults
What is respiratory alkalosis