Expressive Therapies Continuum
Focuses on forms and their differentiation. For example, this is characterized by figure/ground differentiation whereby forms are defined by lines as boundaries and/or color to mark defined area.
Perceptual/Affective
What are the two types of art evaluations?
1. Diagnostic Assessments
2. Projective Drawing
What is brief model/solution-focused art therapy?
client-centered brief therapy focused on current problems, here and now, with a focus on building upon strengths and constructing solutions. Art therapy is compatible with brief approaches because the process of creating images tends to accelerate the emergence of thoughts and recall of memories.
Who are the four main pioneers of Family Therapy?
Murray Bowen - worked at Menningers and NIH
Hana Kwiatkowska - art therapist pioneer of family therapy
Salvador Minuchin - structural family therapy 1974
Jay Haley - strategic family therapy 1976
creative level
Goodenough-Harris (psychologists) in 1926. In 1949, it was changed to "Draw-a-Person) by Karen Machover (psychologist)
Is community art therapy more art-focused or therapy-focused?
Art-focused
learning to trust themselves and others, recognize commonality, alternative strategies for resolving conflicts, increased independence, increased social skills, understand personal values
client-induced, self-induced, work environment, and/or event-related situations
represents simple motor expression in art media and their corresponding visual manifestations of energy and sensory involvement.
kinesthetic sensory
What is the directive for a House-Tree-Person Assessment?
Bonus: who developed and what year?
Client is asked to draw a house, tree and a person with no additional comments as to type, size, conditions, etc. Draw on same page. They are given a pencil/set of 8 crayons and the assessment is untimed.
Developed by John Buck (Psychologist) in 1948.
What are some examples of community and social action art therapies?
- mural projects
- disaster relief
- trauma/military
-museum programs
-school-based art therapy programs
Yalom listed 'interpersonal input' as a curative factor. What does this mean?
What are the goals of termination for group activities?
- successful transition to life without group
- careful consideration of how group members will continue
- management of appropriate and complete goodbyes
- structured and prepared beforehand so members know what to expect
emphasizes cognitive operations - integration of forms and lines leading to concept formation, categorization, problem solving, spatial differentiation, word inclusion, abstraction, etc.
Cognitive/Symbolic
List all 6 steps of Kwiatkowska Family Art Evaluation
1. free picture
2. picture of family
3. abstract family portrait
4. picture started with a scribble
5. joint family scribble
6. a free picture
What is the purpose of Social Action Therapy?
- impact public awareness of social issues
- join creative talents around solutions to societal issues, the environment and global problems.
What is the 'unconscious life of family'?
attachments/thoughts/emotions - experienced internally by each member - network of projections and expectations bind them in healthy/unhealthy ways.
Who is at risk for burnout?
- youngest and newest therapists
- most caring/empathetic
- those in most emotionally charged situations
- those with unresolved issues
- those who've recently experienced losses or traumas
- those who are not well supported
- those who don't practice good self-care
List art media from most rigid to most fluid (5 categories)
1. collage
2. drawing
3. chalk/pastels
4. clay
5. paint
What is the directive for the Diagnostic Drawing Series, developed by Barry Cohen & Barbara Lesowitz in 1982?
1. make a picture using 3 materials (unstructured)
2. draw a picture of a tree (structured)
3. make a picture of how you are feeling using lines, shapes and colors (partially structured)
15 minutes for each picture on 18"x24" white paper with a box of flat sided chalk pastels
What are the characteristics of art therapy? (6 benefits)
1. relaxation
2. non-verbal expression
3. containment
4. symbolic expression
5. externalization
6. pleasure
Who is the 'identified patient' in family therapy?
the family member with the symptom that brought the family into therapy - may be a symptom of larger family problem
What is vicarious traumatization?
cumulative transformation in the inner experience of the therapist that comes about as a result of empathic engagement with the client's traumatic material